Abstract on the topic:

Stolby (reserve)

Plan:

Introduction

• 1 Flora and fauna
• 2 Tourism
• 3 History of research
Notes
Literature

Introduction

State nature reserve"Pillars"- located on the northwestern spurs of the Eastern Sayan, bordering the Central Siberian Plateau.

The natural boundaries of the protected area are the right tributaries of the river. Yenisei: in the northeast - the Bazaikha river, in the south and southwest - the Mana and Bolshaya Sliznyovka rivers. From the northeast, the territory borders on the city of Krasnoyarsk. The reserve was founded in 1925 on the initiative of city residents to preserve natural complexes around the picturesque syenite outcrops - “pillars”. Currently, its area is 47,219 hectares.

Submitted to the Foundation List world heritage UNESCO is waiting its turn.

1. Flora and fauna

"First pillar"

The flora of the reserve includes about 740 vascular plants and 260 species of mosses. The fir taiga, typical of the middle mountains of the Eastern Sayan Mountains, predominates.

290 species of vertebrate animals have been identified on the territory of the reserve. The fauna has a pronounced taiga appearance (forest voles, sable, musk deer, hazel grouse, etc.) with the inclusion of forest-steppe species (Siberian roe deer, steppe polecat, long-tailed ground squirrel, etc.).

Species listed in the Red Book of Russia:

• Plants: calypso bulbosa, lady's slipper and grandiflora, palmate root, cape flower, captillus orchis, plumose feather grass;
• Birds: osprey, golden eagle, saker falcon, peregrine falcon, etc.

2. Tourism

The main attraction of the reserve are the rocks. The common name for all rocks is “Pillars,” although all rocks and even some stones have their own names. A distinction is made between "Pillars" - rocks open to tourists, and "Wild Pillars" - rocks located in the depths of the reserve, access to which is limited.

Residents of Krasnoyarsk have been visiting Stolby for more than 150 years to active recreation, playing sports. During this time, stolbism arose and took shape.

The places visited by tourists can be divided into three areas.

• Funpark "Beaver Log", a chairlift starting in the valley of the Bazaikhi River, runs along the ski slope and ends at the top of the ridge, from where a magnificent panorama of the reserve and many rocks opens up. The largest rock complex in the reserve, Takmak, is located in close proximity.

Rock "Feathers"

• “Central Pillars” is an area 7 km from the border of the reserve, accessible by public transport, occupying an area of ​​approximately 5x10 km. There are unique rocks here: Grandfather, Feathers, Lion Gate, Pillars I to IV and many others. The most popular passages to the top of the rock have their own names: “Blue Coils”, “Chimney”. Stolbists say that before the revolution, the Bolsheviks wrote the word “Freedom” on the largest Second Pillar (now it is periodically updated by enthusiasts), and due to the complexity of the path to the top, the guardians of the law were unable to erase this inscription.
• The “Chinese Wall” is located in the valley of the Bazaikhi River, at the foot of Takmak. Mostly columnists come here. In addition to the “China Wall” itself, in this area there is the Ermak rock and a group of small rocks “Sparrows” - Tsypa, Zhaba, etc.

In the part of the reserve immediately adjacent to the city, in the Bazaikhi valley, there are several ski slopes. The main ones are “Beaver Log” and “Kashtak”.

3. History of research

"Second pillar"

"Pillars" was visited by Daniil Gottlieb Messerschmidt in 1720-1727. During his 7-year exploration of Siberia, he stopped in Krasnoyarsk three times.

1733-1734 Vitus Bering visits Stolby.

In 1735, “Pillars” were visited by members of the land detachment of the Second Kamchatka Expedition, naturalists, naturalists, Academician Johann Georg Gmelin and his assistant (future academician) Stepan Petrovich Krasheninnikov (Kamchatsky).

1771-1773. The largest researcher of Siberia, professor, visits Stolby natural history Peter Simon Pallas. Lived in Krasnoyarsk for about a year, working on the monographs “Travel to Different Provinces Russian Empire", "Description of plants Russian state"Russian-Asian zoogeography."

In the 30s of the 19th century, a gold rush began in Siberia. Gold is mined at Stolby. The name “Roev Ruchey” remains from the activities of the prospectors - from the word “ dig».

1833 Inventory of furs obtained at Stolby: 67 sables, 43 foxes and up to a thousand skins of other animals.

In the 70-80s of the 19th century, teacher of the Krasnoyarsk gymnasium I. T. Savenkov began school excursions to “Pillars”. Savenkov creates a topographical sketch of the outskirts of Krasnoyarsk, which will later become the starting work for all aspiring geologists in Siberia. In 1886 he published a work on geological structure outskirts of Krasnoyarsk.

From the late 1940s to beginning of the XXI century, 16 collections were published scientific works. The influence of atmospheric pollution and recreational use on taiga ecosystems.

In 2000, the “Living Corner” of the Stolby Nature Reserve became the basis of the Roev Ruchey Zoo.

Notes

1. 1 2 State Nature Reserve "Krasnoyarsk Pillars" - www.stolby.ru/GPZ/

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This abstract is based on an article from Russian Wikipedia. Synchronization completed 07/10/11 20:14:53
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State Nature Reserve "Krasnoyarsk Pillars" Kashiro Margarita Aleksandrovna senior laboratory assistant at the Department of Geography of Tomsk State University

The Krasnoyarsk Pillars Nature Reserve was founded in 1925. The area of ​​the reserve is 47,154 hectares

The first stage of the study of “Pillars” (XVIII century) 1720-1727. D.G. Messerschmidt. 1733-1734 V. Bering 1735 “Pillars” are visited by members of the land detachment of the Second Kamchatka Expedition, naturalists, naturalists I.G. Gmelin and S.P. Krasheninnikov (Kamchatsky). 1771-1773 “Pillars” is visited by the largest researcher of Siberia, professor of natural history P.S. Pallas.

The second stage of the study of “Pillars” (first half of the 19th century) “First Pillar” In 1829, the first parking lot was equipped under the “First Pillar”

Ore explorer Prokhor Seleznev in 1823 summed up the then prevailing opinion about this area: “The rocks are extremely great and wonderfully created. And they are located in a remote desert, 15, or maybe 20, miles away. But it’s difficult to get there, horseback won’t get through, footmen won’t get through, and there are a lot of wild animals. They tell different stories about them. Perhaps it’s true what they say is that you won’t see anything like this even in other lands. And no one will be able to climb these rocks, and we don’t know what they are.”

In the 30s XIX century “Pillars” are being developed by gold miners Park of Flora and Fauna “Roev Ruchey”

P.A. Chikhachev In the 40s of the XIX century. P.A. Chikhachev and E.K. Hoffmann gave the first geographical description district

In 1851 - the first ascent of Stolbakh (First Stolb). In the 70-80s of the 19th century. school excursions to Stolby begin under the guidance of teacher of the Krasnoyarsk gymnasium I.T. Savenkov. From the end of the 80s, working and student youth of Krasnoyarsk began to visit Stolby, “Stolbism” was born, individual rocks received the name Tourist stage of development of Stolby (from the middle XIX century)

Hut at the "Third Pillar" (burnt down in 1906)

"Second Pillar" with the inscription "LIBERTY", made in 1899.

Creation of the reserve On April 10, 1920, the Yenisei Gubernia Committee issued a resolution banning forest cutting and stone breaking in the Stolby area and declared a protected area of ​​4 square versts around them. In October 1924, the territory of Stolbov was declared a protected area. In 1959, the territory of the reserve was finally determined in the interfluve of the right tributaries of the Yenisei, the Mana and Bazaikha rivers, with an area of ​​472 sq. km.

“Krasnoyarsk pillars” are rocky outcrops 60-90 m high.

Syenite is an intrusive igneous quartz-free rock with a pink or gray color.

“Grandfather” is a rock that looks like the head of a gray-bearded old man.

Grandfather is surrounded by relatives - Grandmother, Granddaughter

The "feathers" resemble the giant feathers of a bird that it dropped during its flight.

“Twins” are two rocks, surprisingly similar to each other.

Ursa Vulture Lion Gate

Bell Minaret

The flora of the reserve includes: 1037 species of higher vascular plants, of which 260 species are bryophytes, more than 150 species are classified as specially protected. 770 species higher plants, of which 114 are among the relict and endemic plants of Siberia (they are not found anywhere except Siberia).

Calypso bulbous

The shoe is real

May fingerroot

Nestflower capillary

Orchis orchis

feather grass

The fauna of the Krasnoyarsk Pillars Nature Reserve includes: 58 species of mammals, 199 species of birds, 9 species of amphibians and reptiles.

There are four groups of rocks in Stolby. The Takmak district is located closest to Krasnoyarsk (3 km from the city). Here, on the steep slopes and watersheds of the picturesque Mokhovaya River, the left tributary of Bazaikha, the rocks “Glagol”, “Otkliknye”, “China Wall”, “Sparrows”, “Ermak”, “Big Takmak”, “Small Takmak”, etc. are located in an amphitheater. “Kaltat” district is located one and a half kilometers east of “Takmak”. There are the “Bell”, “Wrecked Ship” rocks and several other picturesque cliffs. “Aesthetic” area (13 km from the city), not far from the scientific base of the reserve. All the main “Pillars” are concentrated here: “Savage”, “Miter”, “Grandfather”, “Baba”, “Granddaughter”, “Feathers”, “Lion Gate” and others. The highest "Second Pillar". (90 m). The “first pillar” is ten meters lower. the area of ​​“Wild Pillars”, where among the taiga there are the rocks “Fortress”, “Manskaya Baba”, “Fortress” and a number of other rocks, little known even among the stolbists.

The most visited places by tourists: “Beaver Log” Central Pillars.” "Chinese Wall"

Unique properties reserve "Stolby": the presence of rock masses and karst areas with caves up to 100 m deep; contact zone of three geographical regions; habitat rare species animals and plants; place of formation of the ethno-social phenomenon “stolbism”; long follow-up period (75 years); border with an industrial city with a population of one million; methodological basis for testing modern methods research on specially protected natural areas; regional environmental educational and training ground; possibility of observation various forms recreational and technogenic impact on the natural complex.

In the park it is PROHIBITED: Destruction of rocks, making inscriptions on them, tearing off moss and lichen, Walking without trails, Carrying out professional film and video photography without permission from the reserve administration, Making fires, using an open fire, burning garbage, smoking on the move, Picking berries , mushrooms, nuts, flowers, herbs Felling, damaging trees and bushes Being with firearms and sporting weapons, dogs, cats Destroying nests, catching and destroying animals Breaking the silence, turning on a radio-audio device

“I have seen the Swiss and Italian Alps, but nowhere have I seen such beauty as this...” V.I. Surikov

ENJOY YOUR TRIP!!!

The Krasnoyarsk Pillars Nature Reserve was founded in 1925. The area of ​​the reserve is hectares

The first stage of the study of “Pillars” (XVIII century). D.G. Messerschmidt Messrs. V. Bering, “Stolby” is visited by members of the land detachment of the Second Kamchatka Expedition, naturalists, naturalists I.G. Gmelin and S.P. Krasheninnikov (Kamchatsky) I.G. Gmelin S.P. Krasheninnikov (Kamchatsky) “Pillars” is visited by the largest researcher of Siberia, professor of natural history P.S. Pallas P.S. Pallas

Ore explorer Prokhor Seleznev in 1823 summed up the then prevailing opinion about this area: “The rocks are extremely great and wonderfully created. And they are located in a remote desert, 15, or maybe 20, miles away. But it’s difficult to get there, horseback won’t get through, footmen won’t get through, and there are a lot of wild animals. They tell different stories about them. Perhaps it’s true what they say is that you won’t see anything like this even in other lands. And no one will be able to climb these rocks, and we don’t know what they are.”

In 1851 - the first ascent of Stolbakh (First Stolb). In the years of the 19th century. school excursions to Stolby begin under the guidance of teacher of the Krasnoyarsk gymnasium I.T. Savenkov. From the end of the 80s, working and student youth of Krasnoyarsk began to visit Stolby, “Stolbism” was born, individual rocks received the name Tourist stage of development of Stolby (from the middle XIX century)

Hut at the "Third Pillar" (burnt down in 1906)

Creation of the reserve On April 10, 1920, the Yenisei Gubernia Committee issued a resolution banning forest cutting and stone breaking in the Stolby area and declared a protected area of ​​4 square versts around them. In October 1924, the territory of Stolbov was declared a protected area. In 1959, the territory of the reserve was finally determined in the interfluve of the right tributaries of the Yenisei, the Mana and Bazaikha rivers, with an area of ​​472 sq. km.

“Krasnoyarsk pillars” are rocky outcrops m high.

The flora of the reserve includes: 1037 species of higher vascular plants, of which 260 species are bryophytes, more than 150 species are classified as specially protected. 770 species of higher plants, of which 114 are among the relict and endemic plants of Siberia (they are not found anywhere except Siberia).

There are four groups of rocks in Stolby. The Takmak district is located closest to Krasnoyarsk (3 km from the city). Here, on the steep slopes and watersheds of the picturesque Mokhovaya River, the left tributary of Bazaikha, the rocks “Glagol”, “Otkliknye”, “China Wall”, “Sparrows”, “Ermak”, “Big Takmak”, “Small Takmak”, etc. are located in an amphitheater. “Kaltat” district is located one and a half kilometers east of “Takmak”. There are the “Bell”, “Wrecked Ship” rocks and several other picturesque cliffs. “Aesthetic” area (13 km from the city), not far from the scientific base of the reserve. All the main “Pillars” are concentrated here: “Savage”, “Miter”, “Grandfather”, “Baba”, “Granddaughter”, “Feathers”, “Lion Gate” and others. The highest "Second Pillar". (90 m). The “first pillar” is ten meters lower. the area of ​​“Wild Pillars”, where among the taiga there are the rocks “Fortress”, “Manskaya Baba”, “Fortress” and a number of other rocks, little known even among the stolbists.

Unique properties of the Stolby Nature Reserve: the presence of rock masses and karst areas with caves up to 100 m deep; contact zone of three geographical regions; habitat of rare species of animals and plants; place of formation of the ethno-social phenomenon stolbism; long follow-up period (75 years); border with an industrial city with a population of one million; methodological basis for testing modern methods for studying specially protected natural areas; regional environmental educational and training ground; the possibility of observing various forms of recreational and technogenic impact on the natural complex.

In the park it is PROHIBITED: Destruction of rocks, making inscriptions on them, tearing off moss and lichen, Walking without trails, Carrying out professional film and video photography without permission from the reserve administration, Making fires, using an open fire, burning garbage, smoking on the move, Picking berries , mushrooms, nuts, flowers, herbs Felling, damaging trees and bushes Being with firearms and sporting weapons, dogs, cats Destroying nests, catching and destroying animals Breaking the silence, turning on a radio-audio device

Anna Chudinova
Presentation about the Stolby Nature Reserve

Presentation on the topic: Reserve« Pillars» .

Reserve« Pillars» is a unique corner of nature in the Krasnoyarsk Territory. This territory on the border with the plateau of Central Siberia is under state protection.

General area reserve- almost 50 thousand hectares.

Main unique attraction « Stolbov» are rocks. They reach almost 100 m and are distinguished by their venerable age of several hundred million years. The breed of these rocks - syenite - is a magma similar to granite. Today's districts reserve are not only a recreation center, but also a ski resort.

Thanks to the taiga forests there is very clean air. Of interest to tourists and vacationers is the very shape of some pillars, which resemble individual characters, animals and birds.

Total in reserve there are 99 rocks - pillars.

Krasnoyarsk pillars- one of the most unusual places Russia.

They are known far beyond the country's borders among mountaineers and rock climbers.

Fauna reserve« Pillars» There are 56 species of mammals, 200 of birds and 22 of fish. The maral, the largest subspecies of red deer, and the musk deer, a typical inhabitant of the middle taiga, live here. brown bear, wolf, lynx, wolverine, fox, badger.

The most numerous is the family of rodents. The dominant species here are forest voles and chipmunks. The Altai pika is found on rocky places.

Common birds include taiga flycatchers, king warblers, olive and pied thrushes, blue nightingales, whistling crows, bluetails, northern eagle owls and wood grouse.

On the territory reserve It is allowed to walk only on trails, it is forbidden to drive vehicles, make fires, pick berries and mushrooms, cut down trees, destroy nests, catch and destroy animals, disturb the silence, set up tents and spend the night only in places permitted for this.

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