A cobweb with a thick stem and an unpleasant odor. Unusual forest inhabitants: edible and poisonous spider webs

Spider web mushrooms are not yet so popular among mushroom pickers. However, some varieties have fleshy and tasty pulp, and some poisonous species are used as medicine.

What does the spider web mushroom look like and where does it grow?

The name cobweb refers to a genus of mushrooms of the same family. Among mushroom pickers, the popular name “marshland” is quite common, which reflects the characteristics of the growth of the fungus. The mushroom received its main name due to the fact that at the junction of the stem and cap it has a kind of cobweb, which practically disappears as it grows. Spider webs grow mainly in deciduous or mixed forests, but certainly on very wet soil: both next to a swamp and in lowlands and ravines.

These mushrooms are distributed almost everywhere in the temperate climatic zone our country - from the European part and the Urals to Siberia and Far East. They can be found less often in the taiga, since most varieties do not like too shaded places.

Interesting, that in appearance different types of spider webs differ quite strongly, and novice mushroom pickers can mistake them for completely different families. There are fruiting bodies of both classical shapes and mushrooms with spherical and conical caps. The surface can be either dry or slimy, with a smooth or scaly texture. The color of the caps is also quite varied: yellow, orange, brown-red, burgundy and even white-violet.

Cobwebs also grow singly, but more often in families of 10 to 30 pieces. They should be looked for in the lowlands, and are collected mainly at the end of summer and until the onset of the first autumn frosts (late October in the European part of the country and the second half of September in Siberia).

Photo gallery

Nutritional value and taste of spider webs

Some types of cobwebs belong to. In terms of aroma, they are inferior to the classic representatives - white and many others, since they are practically odorless. Nevertheless, The taste of these representatives is quite pronounced. And if you consider that many varieties are large in size (15-17 cm in cap diameter and up to 10 cm in stem height), mushroom pickers readily collect them for cooking and preservation.

In addition, the spider web, like many other mushrooms, mainly consists of water, and 100 g of live weight provides no more than 30 kcal.

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Some types of spider webs, which have red and orange shades, are still used to prepare the corresponding dyes.

Where cobwebs grow (video)

Is the spider web mushroom edible?

Different types of spider webs are edible and inedible mushrooms. At the same time, 3 types are considered the most valuable in terms of taste:

triumphal;
bracelet;
excellent.

Classification different types depending on their edibility is given in the table.


yellow (triumphal)	edible
bracelet
excellent
white-violet	conditionally edible
orange
scarlet
volatile
brown
smeared

sisopeduncular
red-olive	inedible
scaly	inedible
noble	poisonous
brilliant	poisonous
very special	deadly dangerous!

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Antibiotics are extracted from them, so they are used as medicine, which has antibacterial and antiseptic effects.

Description of spider web species

The Cobweb family includes several dozen species of mushrooms, and most of them grow in Russia. The most common ones are discussed below.

This representative is also called triumphant. It forms fairly large fruiting bodies with a cap diameter of up to 12 cm. Moreover, in young representatives it resembles a sphere and then becomes flat. Color ranges from yellow to brown tones.

The pulp of this species does not have a special odor and dries quite quickly when broken.. On the other hand, this is the most popular representative of the family among mushroom pickers, since it taste qualities Can be used as a base for first and second courses, as well as for salting and marinating.

This representative is also called red. It has a classic shape - a spherical cap of orange, ruddy and reddish shades (about 10 cm in diameter). The leg is white, fleshy, and can grow to a considerable height (up to 20 cm).

The mushroom is completely edible, and besides, it has an undeniable advantage - it is not like closely related poisonous or deadly representatives. However, it is not popular enough among mushroom pickers. Interestingly, it grows only under birch trees.

It's pretty rare view, which is mainly found in Central Europe, and in Russia it is distributed only in the forests of Bashkiria. Almost always growing large families, so mushroom pickers immediately harvest large crops.

In appearance, it resembles real mushrooms from postcards: a large cap in the form of a hemisphere with rich brown, brown and burgundy shades, as well as a glossy surface (15-20 cm in diameter). The legs grow up to 14 cm in height, dense, fleshy, white.

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In the Cobweb family, this species is considered the most valuable in terms of taste. However, it is extremely rare, so in most European countries it is listed in the local Red Books.

White-violet

This is a conditionally edible representative that does not have any particular taste value, but nevertheless, it can be eaten without fear for health. The sizes are not very large– the diameter of the cap is within 8 cm, the height of the stem is up to 10 cm. The color is quite atypical: from white to lilac and dirty shades. It mainly grows in groups of up to 10 mushrooms and is found mainly in birch and oak forests.

NOTE

This variety is similar to the inedible goat's web. The pale purple appearance is characterized by unpleasant smell and a thinner, higher leg.

Scarlet

This species is also classified as conditionally edible. It has a light brown, rather large cap (up to 15 cm), which is practically fused with a thick (1-1.5 cm in girth) stem. Interestingly, the flesh has a light blue tint when cut, but quickly turns red when exposed to air.

And one more interesting feature - despite the fact that the pulp of this variety has a fairly strong aroma (unlike most other types), it has a neutral taste, so This species is not particularly popular among mushroom pickers.

Red-olive

Inedible species, the use of which can cause poisoning. The cap is up to 10-12 cm in diameter, the surface is mucous to the touch, and spherical in shape.

The color of the leg is interesting - if it is purple on top, then in the lower half it acquires red shades. The taste of the pulp is extremely bitter, and when cut it has olive and purple shades, This is how the species got its name.

Brilliant

Poisonous representative the use of which is dangerous to health. It looks very beautiful - it has brown hats with a shiny surface. However, the pulp, even in heat-treated form, cries out severe poisoning, and in large doses can lead to fatal outcome.

The most special

This is the most dangerous representative, the use of which is strictly prohibited even in small quantities. The color is light, cream and yellowish. Interesting feature– the pulp smells like radish or raw potatoes. The cap reaches a diameter of 12 cm, the stem is up to 10 cm in height.

In terms of toxicity, this mushroom is almost identical to, however, it is quite easy to identify by its features appearance. In addition, none of the edible representatives of the Pautinnikov family and other families are similar to this species.

Features of the triumphal webweed (video)

Cobweb mushrooms (Cortinarius) are mushrooms belonging to the cobweb family (Cortinariaceae) and the order Agaricaceae. Many varieties are popularly called marsh plants.

Cobwebs are mushrooms belonging to the cobweb family and the order Agaricaceae

Mycorrhizal fruit cap-peduncle type body with a hemispherical or conical, convex or flat cap, having a pronounced tubercle and a dryish or mucous, smooth or noticeably felt, sometimes scaly surface of yellow or ocher, orange-terracotta, brownish-brick, dark reddish, brown- brick or purple coloring.

The soft part is relatively fleshy or quite thin, white or ocher-brown, yellow, bluish-violet or olive-green in color, sometimes changing shade when cut. All plates are of accrete or slightly descending type, thin and relatively frequently located, of various colors. The cylindrical or club-shaped leg is characterized by the presence of a tuberous thickening at the base. The spores are ocher and brownish.

Features of the triumphal webweed (video)

Where does the spider web mushroom grow?

The fruiting bodies of mycorrhizal varieties can grow in conifers, as well as in not too dense deciduous forests. The varieties are widespread in the temperate climate zone:

P.excellent found in deciduous forests, forming mycorrhiza with beeches, and does not grow in our country;
P.violet has become widespread in northern regions And middle lane our country;
P.triumphal grows massively in the territory Eastern Siberia, as well as in the Far East;
P.grayish blue not found on the territory of our country;
P.blue forms mycorrhiza with beeches and other deciduous trees, grows in the Primorsky Territory;
P. fragrant prefers mixed and coniferous forests for growth and development, where it forms mycorrhiza with beeches and fir.

It is most widespread in our country and in many European countries P. large, growing mainly in mixed forest areas on sandy soils.

Cobwebs can grow in conifers, as well as not too dense deciduous forests

About the edibility of spider webs

Taste of mushroom pulp edible varieties, as a rule, not very pronounced, but most often it is bitter. Many species lack mushroom aroma completely, and some fruiting bodies have a fairly noticeable smell of garden radish. Used for food purposes with great caution. Most often, fruit bodies are fried, salted and pickled.

Types of spider web mushroom

Distinguish between edible and poisonous species taste or smell is not possible, so it is very important to know the exact description and external characteristics cobwebs, which are most often found in our country.

Gallery: types of spider webs (45 photos)

Cortin.triumрhans – has a hemispherical or cushion-shaped, semi-prostrate top part orange-yellow in color with remains of a spathe and a sticky or dry surface covering thick, soft, whitish-yellowish flesh with a pleasant aroma. The plates are of a weakly adherent type, narrow and frequent, light smoky cream or bluish-brown in color with rusty-red-brown spore powder. The lower part of the fruiting body is strongly thickened and cylindrical in shape.

Cortin.alboviolaceus - has a rounded bell-shaped, convex or convex-prostrate cap with an elevation in the central part and a silky-fibrous, shiny, smooth, sticky surface of lilac-violet-silver or white-lilac color. The plates are medium-frequently spaced, narrow, grayish-blue, bluish-ocher or brownish-brown, with the presence of rusty-reddish-brown spore powder. The pedicle area is club-shaped, with weak mucous membrane. The soft part is thick and watery in places,gray-blue, brownish, with an unpleasant odor.

Cortin.armillatus - has a hemispherical, gradually opening, cushion-shaped cap with a wide and blunt tubercle in the central part, covered with dry and fleecy, orangeish or reddish-brown color with remnants of a red-orange-brown blanket. The soft part is thick and dense, brownish in color, with a pronounced musty odor when complete absence mushroom taste. The plates are of the adherent type, wide and relatively sparsely spaced, grayish-cream, slightly brownish or rusty-brown in color, with brownish-rusty-red spore powder. The lower part of the fruit body is lighter, with a widening at the base, with bracelet-like remains of the coverlet.

The most special spiderweb

Cortin.rubellus - has a conical or prostrate-conical cap, with a sharp tubercle in the center and a finely scaly, reddish-orange, reddish-orange or bright brownish surface, covering a tasteless and radish-smelling pulp of a reddish-orange-ocher color. Thick and wide plates are sparse, growing to the stem, orange-ocher or rusty-brown color, with rusty-reddish-brown, spherical, rough spores. The lower part of the fruiting body is cylindrical in shape and of sufficient density.

Purple cobweb (video)

Сortin.рholideus - has a bell-shaped, slightly convex cap with a blunt prominence in the center and numerous scales of dark brown coloring, covered with pale brown, brownish-brown skin. It is distinguished by sparse, grayish-brownish plates with a lilac-violet tint and the presence of brown spore powder. The lower part of the fruit body is cylindrical or slightly club-shaped, with a widening at the base, solid or hollow, with a smooth, grayish-brownish scaly surface. Loose type, gray-violet-brownish the pulp has a faint musty odor.

The presented variety of mushrooms grows in huge abundance. What does this mean for silent hunters? Everything is quite simple - if you managed to find one specimen, nearby you will find another colony of sun-drenched mushrooms. Therefore, you will definitely not be left without a harvest. This variety is valued for its taste and a number of beneficial properties. They are loved not only by avid mushroom pickers, but also by true connoisseurs who know everything about the yellow spider web.

Description

The apex grows up to 10 cm in diameter. In young animals it is shaped like a hemisphere. Over time and, as a result, the growth of the mushroom, the hat becomes more even with some bulges. She is compared to a pillow. A kind of cobweb remains on the surface of the mushroom all the time.
The hat is pigmented golden yellow with a hint of brown. In the middle part, orange inclusions are noticeable; they become darker towards the edge of the surface. The soft part has a compacted structure and is colored white-yellowish.
The plates are subtle and practically invisible. They are brownish or cream in color. They become more brown as the mushrooms grow. The plates of old specimens are dull and quite dark.
As for the base, it grows up to 12 cm in height. It may be a little higher, but this is an average and common value. The diameter of the leg fluctuates around 2-3 cm. In the lower part of the base, a compaction is noticed, which goes away with age.
For food this variety allowed to accept. But opinions on this matter vary. Foreign experts classify cobwebs as unsuitable mushrooms for food, while our compatriots collect them in abundance and store them for future use.

Features of the workpiece

The presented species of the mushroom family has poisonous varieties. But this is not the type under discussion because it is eaten and used for medicinal purposes. If we consider, for example, ocher or brown spiderwort, then these mushrooms are used in the production of dyes.
The yellow representative of the species is classified as edible. It requires pre-treatment, which consists of long-term digestion with frequent changes of water. In the culinary world, this variety is successfully used for first/second courses, appetizers, twists, etc.
The superb, watery-blue, purple spider webs are also edible relatives. They are the most valuable, but there are others that are of no use. Experienced mushroom pickers give advice to beginners: do not collect these varieties if you are not sure.
As for the form of consumption of this type, they prefer to first boil it for a long time. This is followed by frying, stewing, twisting, marinating, salting and other manipulations that are closer to you.

Harm

It is also worth mentioning that some types of fruits in question can be very dangerous and poisonous. The problem is that signs of poisoning may only appear after a few days. In some cases, even weeks pass. The bottom line is that such mushrooms contain toxins that slowly poison a person.
The dangerous poison begins to have a detrimental effect on the kidneys. As a result, a person may eventually develop a disease in the form of acute interstitial nephritis. In rare cases, there may even be death due to irreversible changes in the structure of the kidneys. According to statistics, when poisoned, 30% of people do not survive.
Often the most common signs of poisoning from similar fruits are dryness and burning in the mouth. You may also experience nausea, vomiting, extreme thirst, and abdominal cramps. In addition, poisoning is often accompanied by pain in the lumbar region and severe migraine.
Even if you pay attention to the symptoms of poisoning in time, professional treatment and subsequent recovery will be quite long. To avoid this kind of thing, you must adhere to some rules.
Any mushroom picker knows that if doubts creep in whether a fruit is edible or not, it is better to classify it as conditionally poisonous. Don't rip it off. Collecting cobwebs is best left to professional mushroom pickers. Only experts can accurately distinguish poisonous mushroom from edible.

Most mushroom pickers avoid yellow web spiders. This happens because during such a period many edible fruiting bodies appear, which cannot be confused with poisonous ones. As for edibility, it is prepared quite rarely. The fruits in question require special preparatory measures. You should not collect and try such mushrooms if you are not a professional mushroom picker.

Video: yellow spider web (Cortinarius armeniacus)

Spider mushroom, very common all over the world, only in our area, there are more than forty (!) species. Of all this diversity, only two species are considered edible - the superb cobweb and the watery-blue cobweb. The rest are unsuitable for consumption, and over ten species are completely poisonous. Therefore, we recommend that you do not collect these mushrooms unless you are a super experienced and confident mushroom picker, although even in this case, there are many other mushrooms worthy of attention that are less dangerous. Spider webs grow throughout the CIS countries, from Siberia to the European part of the countries, in coniferous and deciduous forests. One of the main differences between these mushrooms is their very bright, even rather acidic, color. The colors of the coloring are varied, and they are given names based on this coloring, for example: white-purple webwort, red-scaled webwort, blue-stemmed webwort, watery-blue webwort, purple webwort, and so on on the list.

The mushroom took its name from another of its features: young fruiting bodies have a veil-like film at the junction of the cap and stem of the mushroom. When the mushroom grows, this film will stretch and tear into separate threads that will resemble a cobweb. When they become old, this feature often disappears, or remains in the form of a ring on the stem.

It is worth emphasizing once again the danger and insidiousness of these mushrooms; often their poison does not act immediately, but sometimes even after two weeks, which makes it difficult to diagnose poisoning and complicates the task of doctors. The cobweb is often disguised as other mushrooms, such as russula and valui. Remember that honey mushrooms do not grow on the ground, it will most likely be a spider plant.

Let's talk a little about distinctive features of these mushrooms and we will show you photos so that you stay away from such forest inhabitants.

Yellow cobweb

Hat: Its diameter varies within 10 centimeters; in young representatives of the species it is hemispherical, later in the process of aging it becomes cushion-shaped. They often remain with traces of the “web” throughout their entire life.
Color: Yellow-orange in the center, often darker than at the edges.
Pulp: Thick, soft to the touch, white in color, with a yellowish tint.
Plates: They usually look thin and weakly expressed, the color of the plates in young spider web mushrooms is light cream as the mushroom ages, the color of the plates also changes, it becomes darker and duller.
Leg: About 12 centimeters high, sometimes a little higher, thickness about 2.5 centimeters. It has a characteristic thickening at the bottom, but as the mushroom ages, this feature disappears.
Can it be eaten?: Most Western experts and books consider these mushrooms to be inedible, but domestic experts insist that this is a very tasty mushroom and can be safely consumed.

Gossamer violet

Hat: about 14 centimeters in diameter, has a convex shape.
Color: very bright, acid purple.
Pulp: At first it has a blue tint, but as the mushroom matures and ages, it becomes white.
Plates: Have purple, even rather a darker shade, they are rare and wide.
Leg: About 14 centimeters high, about 2 centimeters thick.
Edibility: the mushroom is very rare, so not only can it not be eaten, it cannot even be picked, it is listed in the Red Book.

Orange cobweb:

Cap: About eight centimeters in diameter, its surface is wavy, always wet, and after rain, sticky mucus appears on it.
Color : Light brown, in summer time, when the sun is quite intense, the cap turns simply yellow.
Plates: Brown, wide and frequent, brown.
Leg: It has a round shape, widens towards the bottom and has the appearance of a tuber. Its height reaches ten centimeters, its diameter is one and a half centimeters.
Edibility: Orange cobwebs are classified as conditionally edible mushrooms; they must first be boiled and then fried.

Purple cobweb:

Hat: It has a diameter of about fifteen centimeters, a convex shape, over time it becomes wider, the structure is fibrous, and has an adhesive surface.
Color: Red-brown, sometimes also has an olive-brown tint.
Plates: They grow to the stalk with a special tooth. Color changes with age, in at a young age it is purple, becoming yellow-brown over time.
Leg: Dense, its color is purple.
Pulp: has a bluish tint, after you break it off it turns purple at the break point.
The scarlet web spider can be found in coniferous forests, in deciduous forests, belongs to the category of conditionally edible, consumed both as fresh and pickled mushrooms.

Cobweb spider brilliant:

Cap: its diameter is about ten centimeters, has a bulge, and has a characteristic slimy, sticky surface when it rains.
Pulp: thick, has a loose structure, its color is pale yellow.
Plates: the mushroom has wide plates, yellow color, over time they change their color towards a rusty shade.
Leg: it is about ten centimeters long, a little more than one and a half centimeters thick. Towards the bottom there is a thickening in the form of a tuber.
The common spiderweb is shiny, mainly in forests where there is a lot coniferous trees, it can be eaten.

Bracelet web:

This type of mushroom is often confused with safer and delicious mushrooms. It is often confused with mushrooms such as topi, goat mushroom, and moss mushroom. This often has bad consequences; of course, the mushroom does not belong to the category of inedible, much less to the category of poisonous, but it can also be classified as edible very conditionally. It is very tasteless and hard on the body. Apart from its beautiful appearance, it is not distinguished by anything good.

Cap: Often of very varied sizes, from eight to twenty centimeters, it all depends on the circumstances under which this mushroom grew.
Color: binary, from light to dark, it is light in the center, becoming darker than brick color towards the edge, or ocher - yellow.
Plates: sparse and with wide sections, the edge is distinctly wavy.
To do bracelet web spider edible, it needs to be boiled for a very long time, and at the same time drain the boiled water and squeeze out the mushrooms; it is eaten only in fresh, it is not suitable for workpieces.

Variable cobweb:

Hat: yellow gloss color, its size reaches eight centimeters in diameter, early age as you can see in the photo above, the cap has the shape of a hemisphere, after becomes flatter for some time.
Leg: white, its length reaches ten centimeters, its average thickness is quite impressive and exceeds two centimeters.
Plates: when young, the mushroom has a lilac tint, but with age they become pale and acquire a brown tint.
Edibility: It is classified as conditionally edible; it is eaten fresh and also pickled.

The web spider is excellent:

Hat: its diameter reaches impressive sizes, up to twenty centimeters. It has a dense, fleshy structure; in young individuals the cap has the shape of a hemisphere, becoming flatter with age.
Color: This mushroom is distinguished by the variable color of the cap; at a young age it is purple, closer to a dark shade, later it acquires a chestnut hue, the edge has a purple rim.
Leg: the tall one reaches fifteen centimeters, has a dense structure, at the end there is a tuber, weakly expressed. The leg is bluish-violet in color.
Edibility: The spider web is excellent, eaten in all forms, but it is best obtained in pickled form. This type of mushroom is comparable to porcini mushrooms in terms of safety. BUT YOU SHOULD BE COLLECTING THIS MUSHROOM WITH Especial CARE, BECAUSE IT HAS A LOT OF APPEARINGLY SIMILAR DOUBLES, WHICH ARE OFTEN VERY DANGEROUS, AND THEIR CONSUMPTION CAN RESULT IN FATALITY. THEREFORE THIS MUSHROOM IS COLLECTED ONLY BY EXPERIENCED MUSHROOMS PICKERS.

Cobweb brown photo:

Conditionally edible mushroom, consumed fresh.

Cobweb smeared photo:

It is boiled for at least half an hour before heating.

Gossamer webwort:

It needs to be boiled, then the broth is drained, then the mushroom is salted or pickled.

Scaly cobweb:

A little-known edible mushroom, it is consumed fresh.

As you can see spider web mushrooms a lot, many of them are conditionally edible, some are even quite suitable for cooking, but remember that more types, poisonous and inedible, therefore we categorically do not recommend collecting such mushrooms for beginners. We hope our article, spider web mushroom photo and description, will help you recognize this mushroom on quiet hunt, admire it, take a photo and pass by, because your health is priceless, with this we say goodbye to you, we wish you success and good health, the site was with you.

Edible cobweb or plump one ( lat. Cortinarius esculentus) is an edible mushroom of the Cortinariaceae family.

The cap is fleshy, dense, with a thin edge turned inward. Later it becomes flat-convex, even depressed. The surface of the cap is smooth, moist, watery, whitish-grayish in color, 5-8 cm in diameter. The plates are wide, frequent, adherent to the stem, clay-colored. The leg is smooth, dense, whitish-brown, in the middle with the remains of a cobweb pattern, later disappearing, 2-3 cm long and 1.5-2 cm thick.

The pulp is thick, dense, white, the taste is pleasant, the smell is mushroom or mild.

Spore powder is yellow-brown, spores are 9-12×6-8 microns in size, ellipsoidal, warty, yellow-brown.

Season September - October.

Area. Distributed in the European part of Russia, in the forests of Belarus. Settles in coniferous forests.

It has sweet taste and a pleasant mushroom smell.

[Edible cobweb]

Similarity. The edible cobweb can be confused with the edible cobweb, from which it differs in lighter color and places of growth.