The ratio of provision of inventories with own working capital is the norm. General conclusions

Co= (sources of equity – non-current assets) / (inventories and costs + cash “other assets”)

This ratio shows what part of current assets is financed from own sources. The calculation of this indicator seems illogical, because there is a lack of own working capital.

Analysis of liquidity and solvency of the enterprise. Liquidity and solvency of the enterprise, i.e. the ability to timely and fully make payments on short-term obligations - criteria for assessing the financial condition of an enterprise.

Under liquidity of any asset is understood as its ability to be transformed into cash, and the degree of liquidity is determined by the length of the time period during which this transformation can be carried out. The shorter the period, the higher the degree of liquidity of this asset.

When talking about the liquidity of an enterprise, we mean that it has working capital in an amount that is theoretically sufficient to repay short-term obligations, even if the contractual repayment terms are violated. Solvency means that an enterprise has cash and their equivalents sufficient for settlements on accounts payable requiring immediate repayment. Thus, the main signs of solvency are:

Availability of sufficient funds in the current account;

No overdue accounts payable.

It is obvious that solvency and liquidity are not identical to each other. Thus, liquidity ratios may characterize the financial position as satisfactory, but in essence this may be erroneous if there is a significant specific gravity accounts for illiquid assets and overdue receivables.

Liquidity and solvency assessments can be performed with a certain degree of accuracy. In particular, as part of an in-depth analysis of solvency, attention is paid to items characterizing the availability of funds of the enterprise. This is understandable: they express the totality of cash, i.e. property that has an absolute value, as opposed to any other property that has only a relative value. These resources are the most mobile; they can be included in financial and economic activities at any time, while other types of assets can only be included after a certain period of time. The art of financial management consists precisely in keeping only the minimum necessary amount of funds in accounts, and the rest, which may be needed for current operational activities, in quickly salable assets.

Thus, for express analysis, the larger the amount of funds in the current account, the more likely it is that the company has sufficient funds for current settlements and payments. At the same time, the presence of insignificant balances on the current account does not mean at all that the company is insolvent - funds can be transferred to the current account within the next few days, some types of assets can easily be converted into cash if necessary.

Insolvency is usually indicated by the presence of “sick” items in the statements (“Losses”, “Loans and loans not repaid on time”, “Overdue accounts payable and receivable”, “Overdue bills issued”).

Analysis of balance sheet liquidity. For convenience of calculations and calculations, we introduce the following generally accepted notations:

Division of asset items according to their degree of liquidity

A1 – the most liquid assets (line 250+line 260);

A2 – quickly realizable assets (line 230 + line 240 + line 270);

AZ – slowly selling assets (line 210+line 140);

A4 – hard-to-sell assets (p. 190);

Subdivision of liability items by degree of urgency

P1 – the most urgent obligations (p. 620);

P2 – short-term liabilities (p. 610);

LP – long-term liabilities (p. 590);

P4 – constant liabilities (line 490+line 640+650+660+670);

Table 6.10

Assets	Passive	Payments Surplus or Deficiency
	At the beginning of the year	At the end of the year		At the beginning of the year	At the end of the year	At the beginning of the year	At the end of the year
A1	13.806	10.056	P1	89.542	126 909	– 75.736	–116.853
A2	13.3196	207.022	P2			+133.196	+.207.022
AZ	32.8773	342.063	PZ	411.023	461 240	– 82.250	–119.177
A4	74.324	141.544	P4	49.533	112 533	+ 24.791	+29.011

To determine the liquidity of the balance sheet, you should compare the results of the selected groups for liabilities and assets. The balance is considered absolutely liquid if the following ratio is satisfied:

A1>P1 A2>P2 AZ>PZ A4<П4.

In the analyzed enterprise, the groups of assets and liabilities are correlated as follows:

At the beginning of the year: A1<П1 На конец года: А1<П1

A2>P2 A2>P2

AZ<ПЗ АЗ<ПЗ

A4>P4 A4>P4

Comparison of the results of the first group by asset and liability, i.e. A1 and P1 (terms up to 3 months) reflect the illiquid ratio of current payments and receipts.

Comparison of the results of the second group, i.e. A2 and P2 (terms from 3 to 6 months), shows a trend of increasing current liquidity. The analysis of the third and fourth groups reflects an unsatisfactory ratio of receipts and payments.

For a comprehensive assessment of the liquidity of the balance sheet as a whole, one should use the general liquidity indicator ( l), calculated by the formula:

l = (a1 ´ A1+a2 ´ A2+ a3 ´ AZ) /(a1 ´ P1+ a2 ´ P2 + a3 ´ PZ),

Where Aj,Pj– results of the corresponding groups for assets and liabilities,

аj– weighting coefficients.

From the point of view of the timing of receipt of funds and repayment of obligations, we will assume that a1 = 1, a2 = 0.5, a3 = 0.3, Then

l beginning of the year = 13.806 + 0.5 ´ 133196 + 0.3 ´ 328773 / 89542 + 0.3 ´ 411023 = 0.84

l end of year =10056+ 0.5 ´ 207022 + 0.3 ´ 342063 / 126909+ 0.3 ´ 461240 = 0.81

This indicator reflects a decrease in liquidity during the year by 0.03. The general indicator of balance sheet liquidity discussed above expresses the enterprise’s ability to make payments on all types of obligations - both immediate and distant in time. However, this indicator does not give an idea of the enterprise’s capabilities in terms of repaying short-term obligations. Therefore, to assess solvency, three relative indicators of liquidity are used, which differ in the set of liquid funds considered as coverage for short-term liabilities.

1. Absolute liquidity ratio(K a.l.)

This ratio is equal to the ratio of the value of the most liquid assets to the amount of the most urgent obligations and short-term liabilities

K a.l. beginning of the year = 13.806 / 89.542 = 0.15

K a.l. end of year = 10.056 /126.909 = 0.08

The absolute liquidity ratio shows what part of the short-term debt the company can repay in the near future. The normal limit for this indicator is as follows: K a.l.= 0.2 – 0.5. Thus, the solvency of Scientific and Technical Center Counsel LLC at the time of drawing up the annual report was very low.

2. Critical liquidity ratio(K k.l .)

To calculate this ratio, accounts receivable and other assets are included in the numerator of the relative indicator as part of liquid funds.

To k.l. beginning of the year = 147.002 / 89.542 = 1.64

To k.l. end of year = 217.078 / 126.909 = 1.71

The critical liquidity ratio reflects the projected payment capabilities of the enterprise, subject to timely settlements with debtors. The estimate of the lower normal bound of the coefficient looks like this:

To k.l. > 1. The critical liquidity ratio characterizes the expected solvency of the enterprise for a period equal to average duration one turnover of accounts receivable.

Debt turnover debt = Revenue - net from sales / Average annual amount of debit. debt (1,618.901 / 65.723) = 24.6

Receivables maturity = 365 / 24,6 = 14,8.

To improve solvency, the following recommendations can be made for managing settlements:

Monitor the status of settlements with customers,

Establish strict conditions for commodity lending,

Calculate the risk share of interaction with counterparties (know financial condition their customers).

3. Current ratio (To t.l.)

This coefficient is equal to the ratio of the value of all current assets of the enterprise to the amount of short-term liabilities of the enterprise.

To t.l. beginning of the year = 328773 / 89542 = 3.67

To t.l. end of year = 342,063 / 126,909 = 2.9

The current liquidity ratio shows the payment capabilities of the enterprise, assessed subject to not only timely settlements with debtors and favorable sales of goods and finished products, but also sales in case of need of other elements of material working capital. The normal limit for this coefficient is K t.l > 2. The current liquidity ratio characterizes the expected solvency of the enterprise for a period equal to the average duration of one turnover of all current assets.

Various indicators liquidity not only provide a comprehensive description of the stability of the financial condition of the enterprise, but also meet the interests of various external users of analytical information. Thus, for suppliers of raw materials and materials, the absolute liquidity ratio is most interesting. The bank lending to this enterprise pays more attention to the critical liquidity ratio. Buyers and holders of shares and bonds in to a greater extent assess the financial stability of the enterprise by the current liquidity ratio.

The express analysis of the financial condition of LLC Scientific and Technical Center "Counsel" has at the moment relative value, since it does not answer the main question: “How can the current financial situation affect the future course of business?”

Analysis of the property status, financial stability, solvency and liquidity of the balance sheet allows us to outline general trends in the development of the financial condition of a given enterprise.

There have been changes in the property status of Scientific and Technical Center "Counsel" LLC that may have a positive impact on its future financial condition. The share of non-current assets in the total value of property increased from 13% to 20%. The increase was due to an increase in the amount of intangible assets. In the knowledge-intensive sector of communication services, it is the share of intangible assets that determines high level customer service through the provision of new services.

Thus, we can conclude that the growth of intangible assets will cause an increase in revenue from the provision of additional services, attracting new clients.

A negative point that can affect the competitiveness of an enterprise is an increase in accrued depreciation on fixed assets, if this is due to the obsolescence of fixed assets. To more fully assess the impact of the composition and structure of fixed assets on the future financial condition of the enterprise, it is necessary to conduct a detailed analysis of fixed assets.

In the structure of current assets, namely inventories and costs, what is causing concern is the unjustified, from my point of view, ratio of inventories and goods for resale. An increase in the share of inventories from 52% to 67% in the total amount of inventories and costs against the backdrop of a decrease in the share of goods for resale (from 46% to 29%) may lead to further greater loss liquidity and, as a consequence, loss of solvency.

In the structure of the balance sheet liability items, a positive development is the increase in the share of own funds from 9% to 16% in the total amount of sources of funds. If the company maintains the trend of increasing equity capital at the expense of profits, this will have a positive effect on financial stability.

The downward trend in the share of long-term liabilities in the total amount of raised funds is negative, because This will lead to an increase in the urgency of borrowed funds, which will jeopardize the solvency of the enterprise.

When analyzing financial stability, a lack of own working capital was revealed due to the low share of sources of own funds. If the enterprise does not change the current situation by increasing the sources of its own funds, then, as a result, solvency will constantly decrease and dependence on borrowed funds will increase. The only way out of this situation may be to increase the share of its own working capital.

An analysis of balance sheet liquidity revealed low current liquidity, which could lead to a permanent payment deficit. Of course, it is not advisable to keep it in your account all the time a large amount funds, however, it can be recommended to convert part of the enterprise’s funds into easily realizable assets.

Ownership indicator working capital inventory is an indicator of the sufficiency of the company's long-term funds to ensure an uninterrupted production and sales process. The indicator is calculated as the ratio of own working capital and the amount of inventory. The value of the indicator indicates the share of reserves that is financed from resources attracted on an ongoing basis.

Standard value of the indicator of provision of reserves with own working capital:

The standard is 0.5 and above. The indicator should be considered in dynamics. An increase in the indicator indicates an increase in the company's sustainability in the medium term and a decrease in dependence on short-term sources of financing. Negative value This indicator suggests that without short-term borrowed capital the company will not be able to ensure an uninterrupted production and sales process. With reduced opportunities to attract such funds, the operational process may come to a standstill.

Directions for solving the problem of finding an indicator outside the standard limits

As is the case with other indicators of financial stability, to increase the value of the indicator it is necessary to work towards increasing the amount of equity capital and reducing the amount of short-term borrowed funds. Optimizing the structure of current and non-current assets will free up part of the financial resources, which will have a positive effect on the value of the indicator. In general, an activity to increase the value of an indicator should take into account the current situation and capabilities of the company.

The formula for calculating the indicator of provision of inventories with own working capital:

Providing inventories with own working capital = Own working capital / Inventories

An example of calculating the indicator of supplying inventories with own working capital:

Company OJSC "Web-Innovation-plus"

Unit of measurement: thousand rubles.

Balance	On 31 December 2016	On 31 December 2015
Assets
I. NON-CURRENT ASSETS
TOTAL FOR SECTION I	540	451
II. CURRENT ASSETS
Reserves	80	95
TOTAL FOR SECTION II	513	462
Balance	1053	913
Liabilities
III. OWN CAPITAL AND RESERVES
TOTAL FOR SECTION III	433	476
IV. LONG-TERM LIABILITIES
TOTAL FOR SECTION IV	90	90
V. SHORT-TERM LIABILITIES
TOTAL FOR SECTION V	530	347
Balance	1053	913

Indicator of provision of own working capital reserves (2016) = (433+90-540)/ 80 = - 0.21

Indicator of provision of own working capital reserves (2015) = (476+90-451) / 95 = 1.21

In 2015, OJSC “Web-Innovation-plus” was able to fully finance the formation of reserves through long-term sources of financing. For every ruble of reserves there were 1.21 rubles of own working capital. However, in 2016 the situation changed and the company turned out to be less stable. There is no own working capital. To solve the problem, you can work towards reducing the amount of assets, which increased sharply in 2016. This applies to both non-current and current assets.

Equity / Balance = p.1300 / p.1700

End 2013 1930008/3293652=0.586

Beginning 2013 1634816/2809673=0.582

Characterizes the independence of the enterprise from borrowed funds and shows the share of its own funds in the total cost of all funds of the enterprise. The standard value is >0.5, which means the level of independence of the VOMZ OJSC enterprise from creditors is normal and in the event of a requirement to repay all debts, the enterprise will be able to satisfy them by realizing 42% of its own capital generated from its own sources.

Financial stability ratio

(Equity + Long-term liabilities) / Balance sheet = (p.1300 + p.1400) / p.1700.

End 2013 (1930008+91159)/3293652=0.61

Beginning of 2013 (1634816+3912)/2809673= 0.58

The share of financing sources that the enterprise can use long time, amounted to 61%. Standard value? 80%, i.e. this indicates that the VOMZ OJSC enterprise is dependent on external sources of financing and an unstable situation is possible in the future.

Debt to equity ratio (leverage)

Borrowed and attracted sources / Equity = (p.1400 + p.1510) / p.1300.

End 2013 (91159+152431)/1930008=0.13

Beginning of 2013 (3912+0)/(1634816)=0.002

Shows how many units of borrowed funds account for each unit of equity. The dynamics by the end of the year are positive, which indicates the enterprise’s greater dependence on investors and creditors. Recommended value for enterprise< 0,7. На ОАО «ВОМЗ» данный показатель равен 0,13, что говорит о высокой финансовой устойчивости предприятия.

Permanent asset index

Non-current assets / Own capital = p.1100 / p.1300.

End 2013 1191181/1930008=0.62

Beginning 2013 937563/1634816=0.57

The permanent asset index shows what share of sources of funds provides financing for the non-current assets of the enterprise, i.e. the main one is often production capacity.

Maneuverability coefficient

Own working capital / Own capital = (p.1300 - p.1100) / p.1300.

End 2013 (1930008-1191181)/1930008=0.38

Beginning 2013 (1634816-937563)/1634816=0.43

Shows which part of the own working capital is in circulation, i.e. in the form that allows you to freely maneuver these funds, and which is capitalized. The ratio must be high enough to provide flexibility in the use of the enterprise's own funds.

A decrease in the indicator indicates a possible slowdown in the repayment of accounts receivable or a tightening of conditions for the provision of trade credit from suppliers and contractors. An increase indicates a growing ability to pay current obligations.

The organization does not use long-term loans and borrowings since the sum of the maneuverability coefficient and the permanent asset index is equal to one. Own sources cover either fixed or current assets, therefore the amount of fixed assets and non-current assets and own working assets in the absence of long-term borrowed funds is equal to the amount of own funds:

The ratio of security of current assets with own working capital

Own working capital / Current assets = (p. 1300 - p. 1100) / p. 1200.

End 2013 (1930008-1191181)/2102471=0.35

Beginning of 2013 (1634816-937563)/1872110=0.37

Characterizes the availability of the enterprise's own working capital, necessary for its financial stability. Standard value =0.1, which indicates the enterprise’s ability to pursue an independent financial policy.

Ratio of provision of material reserves with own working capital

Own working capital / Inventories = (p. 1300 - p. 1100) / p. 1210.

End 2013 (1930008-1191181)/ 929,206 =0.79

Beginning of 2013 (1634816-937563)/ 768,646 =0.91

Shows what portion of inventories and costs is financed from own sources. It is believed that the coefficient of provision of material reserves with own funds should change within the range of 0.6 - 0.8, i.e. 60-80% of the company's reserves should be formed from its own sources. At the VOMZ OJSC enterprise, 79% of the company's reserves are formed from its own sources, which indicates its financial stability.

Coefficient of the real value of fixed assets and material circulating assets in the property of the enterprise

(Fixed assets + Inventories) / Balance = (p.1150 + p.1210) / p.1600.

End 2013 (1099172 + 929206)/3293652=0.62

Beginning of 2013 (871401 + 768646)/2809673 = 0.58

Determines what share of the value of property consists of means of production. Shows what potential the enterprise has in the event of new partners and security production process means of production. Based on business practice data, a limitation is considered normal when the real value of property is more than 0.5 of the total value of assets. Drawing a conclusion, we can say that the enterprise has production potential, and it is advisable for suppliers or buyers to enter into an agreement with them.

Drawing a conclusion after analyzing the financial stability of the enterprise OJSC "VOMZ" we can say that it is dependent on external sources of financing, has sufficient autonomy and is able to satisfy the creditor's requirements to repay debts from its own sources. The financial stability of the enterprise is also indicated by 79% of reserves formed from its own sources and production potential, which is also included in the standard indicators: 0.62.

The net working capital ratio for inventories is an indicator that characterizes what share is financed.

That is, it shows what proportion of inventories, an important short-term asset, is financed by long-term capital.

Calculation formula (according to reporting)

(Line 1200 - line 1500) / line 1210 balance sheet

Standard

Not standardized, but preferably greater than zero.

Conclusions about what a change in indicator means

If the indicator is higher than normal

The company partially finances its inventories with long-term capital.

If the indicator is below normal

The company does not finance its inventories with long-term capital.

If the indicator increases

Usually a positive factor

If the indicator decreases

Usually a negative factor

Notes

The indicator in the article is considered from the point of view not of accounting, but of financial management. Therefore, sometimes it can be defined differently. It depends on the author's approach.

In most cases, universities accept any definition option, since deviations according to different approaches and formulas are usually within a maximum of a few percent.

The indicator is considered in the main free service and some other services

If you see any inaccuracy or typo, please also indicate this in the comment. I try to write as simply as possible, but if something is still not clear, questions and clarifications can be written in the comments to any article on the site.

Best regards, Alexander Krylov,

Financial analysis:

Definition The ratio of coverage of current assets with net working capital is an indicator characterizing what proportion of current assets is financed by net working capital. That is, it shows what...
Definition The long-term solvency ratio is the ratio of slowly realizable assets A3 to long-term liabilities P3, which are either equal only to long-term liabilities or also include...
Definition The coefficient of coverage of working capital by own sources of formation (Ratio of own funds) is an indicator that answers the question what proportion of current assets is covered by own...
Definition The functional capital agility ratio is the share of inventories in the functional capital. And functional capital (own current assets) is the difference between current assets and short-term...
Definition Inventories 1210 are the organization's material and industrial reserves - assets: used as raw materials, supplies, etc. in the production of products for sale (for performing work, for...
Definition Net working capital agility ratio is the ratio of net working capital to equity. The indicator is quite difficult to understand, since it is constructed illogically. In fact he...
Definition The indicator for covering short-term obligations of the inventories is an indicator that answers the question of how much short-term obligations of groups P1 and P2 can be covered with funds that can...
Definition The actual depreciation rate is the ratio of the depreciation amount of the reporting period to fixed assets and intangible assets used in the organization in a given period. The indicator answers...
Definition The share of working capital in assets is the ratio of the value of current assets to the total assets of the enterprise. Current assets compared to non-current assets are noticeable...
Definition A3 - P3 is the third inequality of solvency (all inequalities of solvency). Characterizes the current solvency of the enterprise. Answers the question: Are there enough slow-moving assets with…

2. Coefficient of provision of material resources with own funds.

It is calculated like this:

Capital and reserves – Non-current assets;

Its standard value is from 0.6 to 0.8.

Komz (at the beginning of 2008) = 38692-22862.9 = 633

Komz (at the end of 2009) = 58549.3-34307.9 = 110

Komz (at the end of 2010) = 121529-56437.3 = 8.5

These coefficients are above the permissible norm and show that inventories are in an excessive state, which leads to a negative assessment, although by the end of 2010 this coefficient decreased and amounted to 8.6.

3. The coefficient of maneuverability of equity capital is calculated as follows:

Capital and reserves – non-current assets;

Capital and reserves

Its standard value: more than 0.5

Km (at the beginning of 2008) = 38692-22862.9 = 0.41

Km (at the end of 2008)=53128.5-33321.1=0.4

Km (at the end of 2009) = 58549.3-34307.9 = 0.42

Km (at the end of 2010) = 121529-57014.2 = 0.53

These coefficients indicate that the mobility of own sources of funds is increasing and by the end of 2010 it was 0.53, which is a positive aspect of the company’s activities, although these coefficients are even lower than the norm.

Ipa (at the beginning of 2008) = 22862.9 = 0.60

Ipa (at the end of 2008) = 33321.1 = 0.63

Ipa (at the end of 2009) = 34307.9 = = 0.59

Ipa (at the end of 2010) = 56437.3 = 0.46

The coefficient data show that the share of fixed assets and non-current assets in sources of own funds in 2008 increased by 0.03, and in 2009 this figure decreased by 0.04 points, and in 2010 this figure decreased by 0.13 points.

5. Long-term leverage ratio

6. The depreciation rate of non-current assets is equal to

Cumulative depreciation amount______

Initial cost of fixed assets

Ki (at the beginning of 2008 10846___ =0.32

Ki (at the end of 2008) = 23184.6 ________ = 0.42

Ki (end of 2009)=35197.0________=0.52

Ki (at the end of 2010) = 87563.4_______ = 0.62

The data shows the extent to which fixed assets are financed through depreciation.

7. The suitability coefficient is equal to:

Kg =100% -Ci

Kg (at the beginning of 2008) =100% -0.32=99.68

Kg (at the end of 2008) =100% -0.42=99.58

Kg (at the end of 2009) =100% -0.52=99.48

Kg (at the end of 2010) =100% -0.62=99.38

8. Real property value coefficient

It is calculated:

Fixed assets + raw materials and materials + work in progress

Balance currency

Its norm =0.5

Kr.s.i. (at the beginning of 2008)=22101.9+25.0=0.34

Kr.s.i. (at the end of 2008)=31859.1+216.0=0.33

Kr.s.i. (at the end of 2009)=32344.8+221.2=0.31

Kr.s.i (at the end of 2010) = 5419.2 + 7568.3 = 0.37

The coefficient data indicates the position of the real value of property by the end of 2009, and in 2010 this indicator increases and amounts to 0.37 by the end of 2010, although this is below the norm.

9. The autonomy coefficient is calculated as follows:

Capital and reserves;

Balance currency

Ka (at the beginning of 2008) = 38692 = 0.60

Ka (at the end of 2008) = 53128.5 = 0.58

Ka (at the end of 2009) = 58549.3 = 0.55

Ka (at the end of 2010) = 121529 = 0.55

The coefficient data show that in the period at the end of 2008 and the beginning of 2010 the company was more dependent, but by the end of 2010 the situation improved, and this indicator is 0.764. This indicates the efficient operation of the company.

10. Debt to equity ratio.

It is calculated:

Long-term liabilities + short-term liabilities, its rate is less than 1

Capital and reserves

Kc (at the beginning of 2008) = 25701.2 = 0.6

Kc (at the end of 2008) = 41914.5 = 0.7

Kc (at the end of 2009) = 47795.5 = 0.8

Kc (at the end of 2010) = 42656.2 = 0.3

These coefficients are within normal limits. This suggests that the company is little dependent on attracted capital.

Balance sheet liquidity analysis

A firm's liquidity is the firm's ability to convert its assets into cash to cover all payments as they become due.

A firm is considered liquid if its current assets are greater than its current liabilities.

Balance sheet liquidity is defined as the degree to which the company's liabilities are covered by its assets, the period of transformation of which into money corresponds to the period of repayment of liabilities

The balance is considered liquid if the following conditions are met:

If A1 is greater than P1

If A2 is greater than P2

If A3 is greater than P3

In general, a comparison of 1 and 2 items of assets and liabilities of the balance sheet allows you to determine current liquidity. It indicates the solvency of the enterprise for the period of time closest to the moment in question. The analyzed enterprise, both at the beginning and at the end of 2008 and 2010, according to two groups of assets and liabilities of the balance sheet, was solvent. The amount of the most liquid and quickly sold assets at the beginning of 2008 amounted to 41,404 tons. tons, while the amount of urgent and short-term liabilities amounted to 25,701.2 tons, which is 15,702.9 less than means of payment. at the end of the year, means of payment amounted to 61,404.3 tons, and liabilities (P1+P2) equaled 41,914.5 tons.

In 2009, the most liquid and quickly realizable assets amounted to 61,404.3 tons. tons, and current and short-term liabilities are equal to 41914.5 tons. tons, which is 19489.8 tons less than the means of payment, and at the end of the year this figure amounted to 23919 tons. tn.

In 2010, the asset (A1+A2) amounted to 71,714.5 tons. tn, and the liability (P1+P2) is equal to 42656.2t. tn, which is 2.3 times less than means of payment or 56833.4 tn less than assets.

Comparison of slowly selling assets with long-term liabilities is impossible, because Our company has no long-term commitments. A comparison of the results of group 4 of assets and liabilities of the balance sheet shows the ability of the enterprise to cover obligations to the owners.

But this will only be required when the company is liquid. Compliance with the going concern or going concern principle requires

in order for the enterprise to constantly have its own working capital, and for this it is necessary to comply with the inequality A4 less than P4, i.e., the sources of own funds exceed the immobilized assets. At the analyzed enterprise, this inequality is observed.

The total of group 4 of balance sheet liability items exceeded the total of this asset group in 2008 by 15829.1 at the beginning, and at the end - by 19807.4t. tn, and at the end - by 24241.4; in 2009, the total of group 4 of the balance sheet liability exceeded the total of the asset of the same group at the beginning - by 24,241t. t., and at the end of the year the total of group 4 of the balance sheet exceeded the total asset by 64514.8 t. tn, which indicates an improvement financial situation enterprise, since it had its own working capital to ensure the continuity of its activities.

Overall rating Solvency and liquidity can be determined using ratios:

1. Coverage ratio is calculated:

Kp = current assets_______

Short-term liabilities

This ratio measures overall liquidity and shows the extent to which current accounts payable are covered by current assets, i.e. how many monetary units of current assets account for 1 monetary unit of current liabilities.

Standard value - about 2

Kp (at the beginning of 2008) = 41503.3 = 1.62

Kp (at the end of 2008) = 61721.5 = 1.47

Kp (at the end of 2009) = 72036.9 = 1.51

Kp (at the end of 2010) = 10774.8 =2

These coefficients are within normal limits. This indicates a reduction in the risk of insolvency and by the end of 2010 the risk completely disappears. This deserves a positive assessment.

2. Quick ratio. It is calculated:

Current assets – inventories and accounts receivable;

Current assets

It evaluates the company's ability to pay off short-term obligations in the event of a critical situation if the company is unable to sell inventories. The norm of the coefficient is from 0.8 to 1.

Kb.l. (at the beginning of 2008) = 41530.3-25-41404.1 = 0.004

Kb.l. (at the end of 2008) = 61721.5-216-60535.6 = 0.02

Kb.l. (at the end of 2009) = 72036.9-71513.4 = 0.01

Kb.l. (at the end of 2010) = 107748-7568.3-96151.2 = 0.1

These coefficients are below the norm, which means that the repayment of short-term obligations, if the company is unable to sell reserves, will be covered in 2008 at the beginning - by 0.004, and at the end of this year - by 0.02, at the end of 2009 the situation will improve and the repayment will be 0 ,1. The positive thing is that the company has a tendency to increase its ratio.

3. The absolute liquidity ratio is calculated:

The most liquid assets;

Current liabilities

It shows how much of the short-term debt the company can pay off in the very near future. Its standard value must be no lower than 0.2.

Cal.l. (at the beginning of 2008)= __0__= 0

Ka.l (at the end of 2009) = 868.7 = 0.02

Cal.l. (at the end of 2009) = 868.7 = 0.01

Ka.l. (at the end of 2009) = 3915.3 = 0.1

The absolute liquidity ratio is very low, the company will be able to pay off its obligations in the near future by only 0.1% by the end of 2008, and this despite the fact that by the end of 2009 this figure increased from 0.01 to 0.1%, and this is a positive thing.

The coefficient data is reflected in table 14.

Table 14. Indicators of balance sheet liquidity ratios

indicators	2008			2009		2010
indicators
1. coefficient coatings	1,62	1,47	0,15	1,51	+0,04	2	+0,49	=2
2. coefficient liquidity	0,004	0,02	+0,016	0,01	0,01	0,1	+0,09	0,8-1
3. coefficient absolute liquidity	0	0,2	+0,02	0,01	0,01	0,1	+0,09	0,2

Calculations net assets

There is a concept of “net” assets. Their value is equal to:

Net assets = the amount of assets - the amount of liabilities accepted for calculation. The amount of net assets and liabilities is reflected in Table 15.

Table 15. Analysis of the enterprise’s net assets (thousand tenge)

Indicators	2008		2009	2010
Indicators	to the beginning		finally	finally
1. ASSETS
1. Non-current asset	22862,9	33321,1	34307,9	56437,3
2. Current asset	41530,3	61721,5	72036,9	10748
3. Debt. establishment by contributions in the charter. capital		-	-	-
4. Total assets	64393,2	95043	106344,8	164185,3
2. LIABILITIES
5. Targeted financing	13673,3	14768,3	18020	46317,8
6. Long term liabilities	-	-	-	-
7. Short term liabilities	25701,2	41914,5	47795,5	42656,2
8. Deferred income	-	-	-	-
9. Consumption reserves	-	-	-	-
10. Total liabilities	39374,5	56682,8	65815,5	88974
11. Net asset value	25018,7	38360,2	40529,3	75211,3
Note: Balance Sheet Data

Conclusion: The data in Table 15 for calculating “net” assets indicates that the company has enough “net” assets both at the end of 2008, 2009, and at the end of 2010, moreover, by the end of 2008 they increased by 13,341, 5t. tn. Their share at the beginning was 39%, at the end of 2008 40.4%.

And in 2009 they increased to 2169.1 tons, their share at the end of 2009 was 38.1%. In 2010, the value of the enterprise's net assets increased by 34,682 tons, and their share amounted to 46% at the end of the year.

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