48. For each subset, write down the set with which it is related by the relation “is a variety” (write down the common name that answers the question “What is it?”).

49. Find in the list six pairs of sets between which the “is a variety” relationship exists:

50. Select from the list the names of nine sets related by the relation “is a variety.”
Make a diagram of the varieties.

51. Construct variety diagrams based on the available information.
a) Nouns can be animate or inanimate. Inanimate ones answer the question “What?”, animate ones answer the question “Who?”. Both inanimate and animate nouns refer to one of three kinds– male, female or average.

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b) Numerals in the Russian language are classified according to composition and meaning. Based on their composition, they are divided into simple, complex and compound. Example of simple numbers: one, two. Example of complex numerals: twenty-one, one hundred and twenty-three. Based on their meaning, numerals are divided into ordinal and quantitative. Example of cardinal numbers: two, three. Example of ordinal numbers: second, ninth.

52. Cross out the “extra” word present in each line. Be prepared to explain why you think this:

53. In each group, find and cross out one “extra” object that does not fit with the others for some reason; For the remaining objects, indicate a common characteristic.

54. Complete the classification of vehicles used in real life and those found in fairy tales.

56. Mini-project “Classification”. Find information in additional sources and classify objects into one of the following topics.

57. Solve the crossword puzzle “Classification of objects.”

58. There are 25 people in the construction team. Among them, 20 people are under 30 years old and 15 people are over 20 years old. Could this be possible?
Maybe.
10 people are under 20 years old.
10 people – from 20 to 30 years old.
5 people are over 30 years old.

§ 4. Types of objects and their classification

Questions and assignments for § 4. Types of objects and their classification

The most important

The relation “is a kind” can exist between a subset of a set and the set itself.

A subset of objects that have general signs, is called a class. Dividing a set of objects into classes is called classification. The characteristics by which one class differs from another are called the basis of classification.

Classification can be made according to essential characteristics (natural) or unimportant characteristics (artificial).

Questions and tasks

1. For each of the indicated subsets, name the set with which it is related by the relation “is a variety” (name the general name that answers the question “What is it?”):

a) pronoun; b) comma; c) joystick; d) rectangle; d) textbook.

2. Among the sets “book”, “gasoline”, “doctor”, “milk”, “builder”, “textbook”, “liquid”, “reference book”, “person”, find six pairs between which there is a relation “is variety." Determine the name of the subset in each such pair. Name at least one additional feature for it.

3. Each paragraph lists objects grouped by class. For example: table, computer, bow/cow, pen, pan/village, banner, feather - these are nouns classified by gender. Determine the basis of classifications:

a) spruce, pine, cedar, fir/birch, aspen, linden, poplar; b) rye, silence, lie, lynx / wheat, silence, truth, cat; c) shirt, jacket, dress, sundress/coat, fur coat, raincoat, windbreaker; d) wolf, bear, fox, elk/cow, dog, cat, horse.

4. Why do you think classification is needed?

5. How do natural and artificial classifications differ?

6. Give examples of classifications that you met in the lessons of the Russian language, mathematics, biology and geography.

7. Offer your classification of computer objects “file” and “document”.

Computer workshop

Work 4 “We repeat the capabilities of a word processor - a tool for creating text objects”

Classification Natural Artificial It is based on essential features objects An example is the classification of living beings proposed by Carl Linnaeus (1735). The non-essential characteristics of objects are taken as its basis. An example is the division of many stars in the sky into constellations, based on characteristics that had nothing to do with the stars themselves.

Windows OS objects 1. Special objects: Desktop Taskbar My Computer Recycle Bin Network Neighborhood 2. Main objects: Files: Programs Documents Folders Shortcuts 3. Objects associated with external devices: Disks objects Control Panels Printers

Task 1. For each of the indicated subsets, name the set with which it is connected by the relation “is a variety” (name a common name that answers the question “What is it?”): a) pronoun; b) comma; c) parallelogram; d) town hall; e) fable; e) capillary.

Task 2. Find in the list six pairs of sets between which the “is a variety” relationship exists. Determine the name of the subset in each such pair. Name at least one additional property for it: a book; petrol; doctor; milk; builder; textbook; liquid; directory; Human.

Slide 1

Types of objects and their
classification
6th grade.
Paragraph 4

Slide 2

Schema of the relation “is a species”
we will call it a variety scheme

Slide 3

Riding
dogs

Objects of a subset necessarily have all
characteristics of objects of the set (inherit characteristics
sets) and besides them they also have their own, additional
sign (or several signs).

Slide 4

Classification
A subset of objects that have common
characteristics is called a class.
Dividing many objects into classes
called classification.
Signs by which one class
different from others are called
basis of classification.

Slide 5

A classification is called natural if
as its basis, significant
signs of objects.

Slide 6

The classification is called artificial,
if taken as its basis
insignificant attributes of objects.

Slide 7

Classification of stars

Slide 8

Classification (natural)
parts of speech

Slide 9

Classification of objects with which
user interacts in
Windows operating system

Slide 10

Questions and tasks
1. For each of the specified subsets, name
the set with which it is related
"is a variety" (give the common name,
answering the question “What is this?”):
a) pronoun;
b) comma;
c) joystick;
d) parallelogram;
e) town hall;
f) fable;
g) capillary.

Slide 11

2. Find six pairs of sets in the list, between
which relationships exist “is
variety." Determine in each such pair
subset name. Name at least one for him
additional property:
book;
petrol;
doctor;
milk;
builder;
textbook;
liquid;
directory;
Human.

Textbook book
Gasoline liquid
Human doctor
Milk-liquid
Builder man
Reference book

Slide 12

3. Select the names of nine sets from the list,
related by the relationship "is
variety." Make a diagram
varieties:

Apple tree;
pine;
tree;
apple;
fruit tree;
oak;
root;

Conifer tree;
fir;
deciduous tree;
trunk;
birch;
larch;
acorn.

Slide 13

structure

fruity

larch

deciduous

Slide 14

4. Using the proposed classification
parallelograms, describe the properties of a square,
inheriting them from two ancestors at once -
rectangle and rhombus. What
A square has additional properties:
a) in relation to a rectangle; b) by
in relation to the rhombus?

Slide 15

5. Each paragraph lists objects that
grouped by classes. Define
classification bases:
a) spruce, pine, cedar, fir/birch, aspen, linden,
poplar;
b) potatoes, onions, cucumbers, tomatoes/apples,
oranges, pears, tangerines;
c) rye, silence, lie, lynx / wheat, silence,
truth, cat;
d) shirt, jacket, dress, sundress/coat,
fur coat, raincoat, storm jacket;
e) wolf, bear, fox, elk/cow, dog,
cat, horse.

Types of objects and their classification Questions and assignments, Informatics 6th grade Bosova Questions and assignments, Informatics 6th grade Bosova answers to questions, Informatics 6th grade Bosova GDZ, Informatics 6th grade Bosova answers

Exercise 1
For each of the indicated subsets, name the set with which it is related by the relation “is a variety” (name the general name that answers the question “What is it?”):
a) pronoun;
b) comma;
c) joystick;
d) rectangle;
d) textbook.
Solution
a) a pronoun is a type of part of speech;
b) a comma is a type of punctuation mark;
c) a joystick is a type of peripheral device;
d) a rectangle is a type geometric shapes;
e) a textbook is a type of book.

Task 2
Among the sets “book”, “gasoline”, “doctor”, “milk”, “builder”, “textbook”, “liquid”, “reference book”, “person”, find six pairs between which the relation “is a variety” exists .
Determine the name of the subset in each such pair. Name at least one additional feature for it.
Solution
1) a reference book is a type of book;
2) gasoline is a type of liquid;
3) the doctor is a type of person;
4) milk is a type of liquid;
5) the builder is a type of human;
6) a textbook is a type of book.

Task 3
Each item lists objects grouped by class. For example: table, computer, bow / cow, pen, pan / village, banner, feather - these are nouns classified by gender. Determine the basis of classifications:
a) spruce, pine, cedar, fir/birch, aspen, linden, poplar;
b) rye, silence, lie, lynx / wheat, silence, truth, cat;
c) shirt, jacket, dress, sundress/coat, fur coat, raincoat, windbreaker;
d) wolf, bear, fox, elk/cow, dog, cat, horse.
Solution
A) coniferous trees / deciduous trees;
b) ends in “b” / ends in “a”;
c) formal wear/outerwear;
d) wild animals/domestic animals.

Task 4
Why do you think classification is needed?
Solution
Classification is needed in order to easily navigate a large amount of information.

Task 5
What is the difference between natural and artificial classifications?
Solution
Classification is called natural if the essential characteristics of objects are taken as its basis.
Classification is called artificial if insignificant characteristics of objects are taken as its basis.

Task 6
Give examples of classifications that you met in the lessons of the Russian language, mathematics, biology and geography.
Solution
Classifications in mathematics: integers, integers, fractions.
Classifications in Russian: simple, complex sentences: complex, compound.
Classifications in biology - classification of animal species.
Classifications in geography - classification of soils.

Task 7
Propose your classification of computer objects "