Ukrainian language - Origin of the Ukrainian language and words. History of the Ukrainian language

An anecdote instead of an epigraph.

A Ukrainian and a Russian are arguing about who has a more stupid language.
Russian: - I just can’t understand your “nezabar” - is it behind the bar or in front of the bar?
Ukrainian: - And your “compare” - not srav, no?

The Ukrainian language, of course, cannot help but smile with the creativity of philological phrases.

In addition, figures of the Ukrainian language never cease to “delight” us with regular innovations and new words.

Ukrainians - just let's not be offended, here we will just post some funny and cool Ukrainian words, and whether they are funny or not, everyone will decide for themselves.

PS. Perhaps among the words in this topic there will be some not entirely correct translations, but that’s okay.

I remind you:

The Ukrainian letter "i" is read like the Russian "y";

The Ukrainian letter "e" is read like the Russian "e";

So, here we go:

A gynecologist is a peek-a-boo;

Parachutists are scavengers;

Lighter - sleeping bag;

Butterfly - hatchling;

Calculate - fuck off;

Horror - horror;

Elevator - mid-surface drotochid;

Koschey the immortal is an undying lancer;

A sexual maniac is a pissy villain;

Mirror - pico-gazing;

Kinder surprise - egg-spodivaiko;

Juicer - juicer;

Helicopter - guintocryl;

The gearbox is a screw-up;

Asshole - asshole;

Basketball - Koshykivka;

Photography - svitlina;

Polyhedron - granchak;

Perpendicular - wash;

Cheburashka - bay;

Press-press - rip-rip;

To rustle, make noise - shishirkhnuti;

Wallet - pulares;

A bottle of vodka - beer;

Half-gray - spatty;

Panic, vanity - a coward;

The spot is a blur;

Ear - woohoo;

The handset is an earpiece;

Vacuum cleaner - smoktopil;

Syringe - stroker;

Socks - scarpets;

You're right - you're talking; (and I'm a kulemet:hahaha:)

He laid his eye on me - he laid his eye on me;

Alexander Pushkin - Sashko Garmatniy;

Probably many have read Ilf and Petrov. Has anyone tried to read them translated into Ukrainian?

Translation from Russian by M. Pilinskaya and Y. Mokreev; publishing house of fiction "Dnepro" 1989

ROZDIL VI DIAMOND DIM

Ipolit Matviyovich removed the splashes of castor drops from his head, scratched his hair, from which the rower's dotika flew in a friendly herd of electric sparks, and, decisively clearing his throat, told Ostapov Bender, who had first walked on his life's path So, everything I knew about diamonds from the dead mother-in-law.

As Ostap stretched out, he jumped to his feet several times and, brutalizing himself to a slimy roughness, screamed loudly:

Kriga has crossed, gentlemen's jurors! Kriga crossed.

And a year later they were sitting at a wicked table and, resting their heads, read a long list of treasures that they decorated with their mother-in-law’s fingers, neck, ear, breasts and hair.

P.S. On my own behalf, as a resident of Ukraine, I will add that some of the Ukrainian meanings of words are not the Ukrainian language, but a terrible mixture of Polish-Austrian-Western Ukrainian dialects. (A. Danilov)

- – words or expressions borrowed by the Ukrainian language from Turkic languages. Version of the encyclopedia “Ukrainian language” Turkisms are the result of Ukrainian-Turkic language contacts. There are about 4 thousand Turkisms in the Ukrainian language (excluding... ... Wikipedia

Ukrainian words, phraseological units, as well as syntactic and grammatical constructions of the Ukrainian language used in another language (literary or colloquial). A word or figure of speech in any language, borrowed from Ukrainian... ... Wikipedia

Ukrainian words, phraseological units, as well as syntactic and grammatical constructions of the Ukrainian language used in another language (literary or colloquial). A word or figure of speech in any language, borrowed from the Ukrainian language or ... Wikipedia

Proto-Slavic language is the proto-language from which the Slavic languages ​​originated. No written monuments of the Proto-Slavic language have survived, so the language was reconstructed based on a comparison of reliably attested Slavic and... ... Wikipedia

Names of Soviet origin are personal names found in the languages ​​of the peoples of the former USSR, for example in Russian, Tatar and Ukrainian ... Wikipedia

This article may contain original research. Add links to sources, otherwise it may be set for deletion. More information may be on the talk page. Translator's false friends ... Wikipedia

MEDICAL LITERATURE- MEDICAL LITERATURE. Contents: I. Medical scientific literature....... 54 7 II. List of medical magazines (1792 1938)....... 562 III. Popular medical literature..... 576 (flower beds), medical clinics (healers, physicians), pharmacopoeias (pharmacies).... ... Great Medical Encyclopedia

As a Russian by nationality, for a long time I was pleased to believe that the Ukrainian language originated from Russian. But having been forced to disconnect from Russian propaganda and began to study this issue more deeply, I realized that everything is just the opposite.
For a long time, the Russian quilted jacket and jingoistic patriot will still firmly believe that the Ukrainian language is not even a language, but a dialect. And with support at the government level, this Ukrainophobic myth looks true for them. There is no point in convincing them otherwise. But for those interested, I’ll cite an article from Leshijy :

How can the Ukrainian language be a dialect of the Russian language if the Ukrainian language has 650,000 words (literary - 250,000 + 400,000 obsolete and dialect words)? And in the Russian language there are a total of 115,000 words in all dialects (Dahl's dictionary). Whose language is whose dialect? I can derive any Russian word with a Slavic root using the Ukrainian language. But not every Ukrainian word can be derived using the Russian language.
Just think about it. Ukrainian "od" backwards is read as "do" (reverse direction). In Russian, no matter how you try, you won’t get the word “to” from the word “from”. In the Russian language there are no Ukrainian words “do rogu” (to the crossroads), but there is a derivative from them - the word “road”.
There is no Ukrainian word “prati” (to wash) in the Russian language, but there is a derivative from it - “laundress”.
There is no Ukrainian word “pruzhnіy” (elastic) in the Russian language, but there is a derivative from it - “spring”.
There is no word “pull” (pull), but there are “hardships”.
There is no word “row” (row), but there is a derivative from it “rake”.
There is no word “mіsiti” (knead) in the Russian language, but the Russians have a derivative from it - the word “miska” (a vessel for kneading dough).
We have "stump" - "openki". Both words contain the root "stump". For Russians, it will be “stump” - “honey agaric” (in the second word the root has been distorted so much that the word stump no longer works).
We have sir-sirovatka (from the words “cheese mash” - syrovatka - what remains after squeezing the cheese) (in both words the root is syr). In the Russian language, the root has become so distorted that the word “cheese” no longer works - “whey”.
In Ukrainian, “witch” is the one who knows where the honey is. In Russian, “bear” is honey, which knows where it is. Insanity, isn't it?
And after that they tell us that we descended from them. Maybe it's the other way around? And some people did not understand our words well.

We have children (plural - singular). In Russian, “children” is “detina” (giant). Absurd, isn't it?
In Ukrainian “bjola” (from the words “will sting”). In Russian it means "bee".
Ukrainian chain: people-people-people. Russian chain: man-people-humanity.
Ukrainian chain: budinok-buduvati-buda. Russian chain: house-build-booth. Complete exceptions to the rules.
The Ukrainian "suvory" (remember Suvorov) - the Russian "severe" - has been twisted.
Ukrainian "heap" (from the word "hulk"). Russian "pile up" (there is no word "pile up").
Ukrainian "dashing" (bad. And literally - from the word "deprivation" - in Russian this word has a negative connotation). But the Russian "dashing" is a hero
Ukrainian chain: eyepieces. Russian chain of eyes and glasses (German word glass - glass).
Ukrainian chain: praska-prasuvati. Subject to one rule. Russian chain: iron-iron. Doesn't follow one rule.
In Svyatoslav's collection of 1073 we find the Ukrainian "dav" instead of the Church Slavonic "dal".
Ukrainian "buju" (from "buditi" - the root bud - is present everywhere) - in Russian, "buju" (the root "bud" does not work out at all). Russian zh (from the word buzhu), appeared only in the 16th century and was converted from Church Slavonic railway. (zhd is still found in the word “to excite” - but the root “bud” - from awakening from this word does not work at all. That is, the Church Slavonic language is a derivative of Old Ukrainian, and not vice versa).
Ukrainian buti-budu (both here and there “u”). Russian be-will (does not obey one rule).
All Slavs spell it "ego", but only Russians read this word as "evo".
The word “sand” (finely cut) comes from the Ukrainian finely “posikti”, but the word “sekti” does not exist in the Russian language.
Hence the Ukrainian word “sokyra” - from the word “sikti”. And in Russian it corresponds to the Turkic “axe”.
Ukrainian “vdoma” (that is, in + house) has meaning. Russian "at home" does not matter.
In the Ukrainian “zobov’yazuvati” the word “v’yazati” is present at the root. In the Russian language, the letter “v” was thrown out - “to oblige”.
In Russian, instead of the Ukrainian word "kolo" they use "krug". But there is a derivative from our stake - these are the words “deck” (in the section of the deck, a stake is laid in the shape).
The Russian “wall” comes from the Ukrainian “z mud” - they took a tyn and coated it with clay.
Ukrainian "dіm" (house) is a derivative of the word "smoke". And in sound it is closer to the original version than the Russian “dom”.
The Ukrainian word "lan" (field) is present in the root of the Russian word "glade", but the word "lan" does not exist in Russian.
Ukrainian chain "wind-wind". Russian chain "wind" - "sail". Before Peter 1, Russian dialects used the Ukrainian words “sail” and “goldfinch” (instead of the Western European “mast”). Compare this with the Ukrainian "shogla".
Before Peter 1, the Russian “tyatya” was used - an analogue of the Ukrainian “tato” (dad). Dad, the Russian language came from French under Catherine the 2nd.
Likewise, we Ukrainians retained the Slavic names of the months, but in Russia they were replaced with French equivalents.
The Ukrainian word is “goditi” (to give birth, to please). The Russian “god” comes from it, but there is no word “goditi” in Russian. That is, a year is the time from harvest to harvest (goditi - birth).
But there is a derivative from the word “goditi” - this is “benefit”.
From the Ukrainian “lagoditi” the “go” fell out - it turned out to be the Russian “get along”. Thus, Ladoga is a twisted Ukrainian “Zlagoda” (calm, order) - that is, literally - a calm lake.
Ukrainian chain "harchi-kharchuvatisya-kharchovy". Russian chain "harchi" - "eat" - "food".
In the Ukrainian language, the letter “v” is stable in such words as “taking”, “divati”, “div”. In the Russian language, such constancy is not observed - the appearance of the letter “v”, then the letter “l” is observed (alternating v-l): “took” - “deVat” - “deL”.
Ukrainian chain of "revelation-revealing-revealing-povid ati-vidat-skushtuvati-vidvidat-prevіda ty." Russian chain "story-narration-story-tell-tell-know-taste-visit-bequeath." - does not obey one rule, it seems that it was collected from different Slavic dialect languages. Ukrainian chain "keruvati" - "kermo" - "stern" (on the stern there was a kermo - rudder). The Russian chain is “to guide” (to lead with your hands) - rudder (English word) - stern.
For Ukrainians, “namagatisya” (na + moti) means overpowering oneself, exceeding one’s strength. In the Russian language, it corresponds to the word “attempt” from the word “torture” - a vivid example of the different ways of thinking inherent in the language. Accordingly, the Ukrainian language teaches you to work, and the Russian language teaches you to be lazy.
Ukrainian chain "Rukh" - "steal" - "ruinuvati".
The Russian chain “movement” - “stir up” - “destroy”. The Russian “ruin” - destroy - is a derivative of the Ukrainian “rushati” - “rukh” - (move - movement). If you move the wall, it will collapse.
The Ukrainian "krapati" "r" has disappeared - the Russian "drip" has turned out.
Ukrainian "leleka" (stork) on behalf of the gods Lelya and Lily and their child - Lyalya. Hence the belief that a stork brings a child. From here the child lies in the cradle and Lyuli sings to him. But there is no word “leleka” in the Russian language, but he still brings children.
Stork is short for the Ukrainian “toad IST” (toad eats).
There is no Ukrainian “pleskati” in the Russian language, but when Russians dance, they “plaskat” (clap their hands). Hence the word dance.
Ukrainian "izhak" (from the words izha - food - in fairy tales the hedgehog carries food on needles). The Russian "hedgehog" is a distorted Ukrainian "izhak", but the word "izha" does not exist in Russian. But in Russian there is “eat” - a derivative of “izha”.
The Ukrainian "rare" - "ridina" comes from the word "to give birth." Without liquid (liquid), nothing will be born in the garden. The Russian word “liquid” is a word distorted in the Polish manner (the Poles change the letters “r” to “zh”, as in the words Ryashiv-Zheszow - the Ukrainian and Polish names of the same city).
Ukrainian chain "Duh-diHati-diHannya." (there are “x” everywhere) Russian chain “spirit-breathe-breath” (“x” alternates with “w” - there is no constancy). All these words are derivatives of the Ukrainian “dmukhati” (m dropped out - it turned out spirit).
The Russian language does not have the Ukrainian word “kupa”, “kopa” (heap). But there are derivative words - “buy”, “save” (for a bunch - for a bunch).
The Russian “yesh” is a derivative of the Ukrainian “є eshche” (there is still).
The Russian words “today”, “now”, “this minute” - contain the Ukrainian word “tse” (se) (tsyogo, tsey, tsiu). There is no such word in Russian. The word "this" is used instead.
Ukrainian chain: koshti-koshtuvati-koshtoris-koshtovniy-kosher niy-koshel. Russian chain: money-cost-budget-precious-kosher th-wallet.
Ukrainian chain: liki-likuvati-likuvalny-likar. Russian chain: medicine-treating-medical-doctor.
Ukrainian chain: їжа-їж. Russian chain: food-eat.
Ukrainian chain: chew-chew. Russian chain: chew-chew (either “e” or “y”).
Ukrainian chain: come and come. Russian chain: go-come.
The Russian language has the name "Volodya", but the Ukrainian "volodіti" (to own) does not.
The “l” disappeared from the Ukrainian “plutati” - it turned out to be the Russian “confuse”. But the word "rogue" in Russian is present in its original state.
Ukrainian chain: growth-growth. Russian chain: growth-growing (now “o”, then “a”).
Ukrainian chain: catch-vilovlyu. Russian chain: catch-catch (now “o”, then “a”).
The Russian "mirror" comes from the Ukrainian "zirkati" (to look). Russian "zreniye" is a twisted Ukrainian word "zіr" (sight).
Ukrainian "rayduga" (arc to heaven) - the letter "y" disappeared - the Russian "rainbow" turned out.
The Ukrainian word "viriy" is "vir". The Russian equivalent is (paradise) "irium" - "whirlpool". That is, the words “vir”, “viruvati” do not exist in Russian. Vir is a portal to heaven. Light at the end of the tunnel. Literally, vyr is a portal, a whirlpool.
Ukrainian chain: negіdnik-gіdny. Russian chain: scoundrel-worthy.
Ukrainian chain: foot-step-step. Russian chain: foot-step-gradually. The last word is in English. language: step - step.
Ukrainian "мій" and "мій" sound differently. They correspond to the Russian “moi” and “my” (they are read the same - confusion arises - a sign of degradation of the declension of words).
Ukrainian "miti" - "miyu" (everywhere "and"). The Russian “wash” is “my” (either “y” or “o” - there is no consistency).
The Russian “order” comes from the Ukrainian “po + row” (in lines), but the word “row” (line) does not exist in Russian.
Ukrainian "vimoga" (demand) is absent in Russian. But there is a derivative of it - “extortionists”.
The Russian words “demand” and “need” come from the Ukrainian “treba” (needed).
In Russian fairy tales there is "Sivka-Burka" and the word "sivy". But there is no Ukrainian word “siviti” (to turn gray), as well as the word “sivina” (gray hair).
Ukrainian chain "sliz" - "slimy". Russian chain "slime" - "slippery".
Ukrainian “pryazhena moloko” (baked milk) - the “p” was dropped - the result was Russian “ryazhanka”. Yarn means “heat” in Ukrainian. But there is no word “yarn” in Russian.
There is a word for “soften” in Russian, but there is no Ukrainian word for “m’yakiy” (soft).
In Russian there is “crazy”, but in Ukrainian there is no word “shal” (pampering).
In Russian there is “empty”, but there is no word “empty” (empty).
In Russian there is a “smerd”, but there is no “smerdinnya”. There is a distorted one - “stench”.
In Russian there is such a plant - “licorice”. But the Ukrainian word “licorice” (sweet) does not exist in the Russian language. The root of this plant tastes sweet.
Russian has the word “supposedly,” but there is no Ukrainian word “yak” (like), from which it was created.
Russian gerunds in -chi, -lice are of Ukrainian origin. The stench is rather an exception. Then, as a rule, the forms in -ya are taken. Examples: walking, walking, looking, looking. Being. Eating, Breading.
In Russian there are "attempts", but there is no word "potuzhny" (powerful).
The Russian language has the word "careless", but there is no Ukrainian word from which it was created - "bezpeka" (security).
From the Ukrainian word “kistka” (bone) comes the Russian “brush”, “tassel”. But there is no Ukrainian “kistka” in Russian.
All Slavic languages ​​have the word "head". But only the Ukrainians bare their heads. Goliti - in Ukrainian - to shave. That is, to cut the ozeledets - forelock. Although in the early stages all Slavs wore forelocks. The same Svyatoslav, for example, the Polish Piast dynasty, the Croats in the painting by Celestin Medovich “The Arrival of the Croats” are depicted with forelocks. The Novgorod idol with a forelock has been found.
Ukrainian chain: calves-calves. Russian chain: calf-calves.
Our ancestors screamed the earth and at the same time sang songs - hymns to the gods. Hence, for us, yelling means plowing the ground, but in the Russian language, the local Finno-Ugrians did not understand what we were doing and yelling means shouting for them (not even praising the gods, mind you).
In all Slavic languages, a bride-to-be is a young wife (they have already celebrated their wedding a long time ago). Only in Russian, a bride is a girl who has not yet been married, but only a girl getting married. That is, the Russian population poorly understood the meaning of Slavic words.
In all Slavic languages ​​there is "chaplya", and in Russian - heron. Tsokaniye is a distinctive feature of the relict of the Finno-Ugric language of the Meshcherya tribe. Outside the Meshcheri settlement, the clicking does not occur.

And finally, how many synonyms for the word “horizon” are there in Russian? Ghorizon and sky.
In Ukrainian there are 12 of them: obriy, negozvid, neboskhil, extremely, krugovid, krugozir, krugoglyad, vidnykrug, vidnykolo, vidnykrai, nebokrai, ovid.

If you have read up to this point, then you are definitely not a “quilted jacket” and you will get a small bonus in the form of fragments from popular films:

“Ukrainians are not Russians” from the film Carrier-3:

Until 1939, Ukrainians were called Rusyns in Polish documents (not to be confused with Russians). The population of Rus' is called Rusyns in Yaroslav's Truth:
If the person killed is a Rusyn, or a Gridin, or a merchant, or a snitch, or a swordsman, or an outcast, or from Slovenia, then 40 hryvnia must be paid for him.
Where: Rusyn is Ukrainian. Slovenin is a resident of the Russian city of Novgorod. That is, there was no single people in Rus'. The population of modern Russia was not considered Rusyns.

Modern Russians answer the question “whose subjects?” Whose subjects are the subjects of the Rusyns, the subjects of Rus' are the Russian subjects. There are no Chinese, no French in Russian. There are only Russians. Russian Zalesie paid tribute to Ukrainian (Rusyn) Kyiv during the times of Rus.

Taras Shevchenko in the series "Doctor House":

American actress of Ukrainian origin Vera Farmiga speaks Ukrainian in the TV series “Touch of Evil”:

And to learn Ukrainian you only need desire. This was proven by a French woman who learned Ukrainian in two months:

To stay up to date with the latest events, subscribe to our Twitter and Facebook.