Expedition in 1937 1938 name. Ivan Dmitrievich Papanin

Mikhailov Andrey 06/13/2019 at 16:00

There are many glorious pages in the history of the discovery and exploration of the Russian Arctic. But there is a special chapter in it, from which the heroic polar epic began. On May 21, 1937, the polar air expedition of the USSR Academy of Sciences reached the North Pole and landed the North Pole-1 scientific station on drifting ice for nine long months.

With this expedition, the systematic development of the entire Arctic basin began, thanks to which navigation along the Northern Sea Route became regular. Its members had to collect data in the field of atmospheric phenomena, meteorology, geophysics, and hydrobiology. The station was headed by Ivan Dmitrievich Papanin, its employees were hydrologist Pyotr Petrovich Shirshov, geophysicist-astronomer Evgeniy Konstantinovich Fedorov and radio operator Ernst Teodorovich Krenkel. The expedition was led by Otto Yulievich Schmidt, the pilot of the flagship N-170 aircraft was the hero of the Soviet Union, Mikhail Vasilyevich Vodopyanov.

And it all started like this. On February 13, 1936, at a meeting in the Kremlin on the organization of transport flights, Otto Schmidt outlined a plan for an air expedition to the North Pole and the establishment of a station there. Based on the plan, Stalin and Voroshilov instructed the Main Directorate of the Northern Sea Route (Glavsevmorput) to organize an expedition to the North Pole region in 1937 and deliver equipment for the scientific station and winterers there by plane.

An air expedition squadron was formed consisting of four four-engine ANT-6-4M-34R "Aviaarktika" aircraft and a twin-engine reconnaissance aircraft R-6. To select the location of an intermediate base for the assault on the pole on Rudolf Island (Franz Josef Land), in the spring of 1936, pilots Vodopyanov and Makhotkin went on reconnaissance. In August, the icebreaking steamer Rusanov headed there with cargo for the construction of a new polar station and airfield equipment.

The whole country was preparing the expedition. For example, a tent for a residential camp was created by the Moscow Kauchuk plant. Its frame was made of easily disassembled aluminum pipes, the canvas walls were lined with two layers of eider down, and the rubber inflatable floor was also supposed to conserve heat.

The Central Radio Laboratory in Leningrad produced two radio stations - a powerful 80-watt one and a 20-watt emergency one. The main power source was two sets of alkaline batteries, charged from a small windmill or from a dynamo - a light gasoline engine (there was also a manually driven engine). All equipment, from the antenna to the smallest spare parts, was made under Krenkel’s personal supervision; the weight of the radio equipment was half a ton.

According to special drawings, the Leningrad Shipbuilding Plant named after Karakozov built ash sleds that weighed only 20 kilograms. The Institute of Catering Engineers prepared lunches for the drifting station for a whole year and a half, weighing about 5 tons.

On May 21, 1937, at about five in the morning, Mikhail Vodopyanov’s car took off from Rudolf Island. Throughout the flight, radio contact was maintained, the weather and the nature of the ice cover were clarified. During the flight, an accident occurred: a leak developed in the flange in the upper part of the radiator of the third engine, and antifreeze began to evaporate. The flight mechanics had to cut the wing skin in order to place a rag that absorbed the liquid, squeeze it into a bucket, and use a pump to pump the coolant back into the engine reservoir.

The mechanics had to carry out this operation until the landing, sticking their bare hands out of the wing in -20 degrees and a fast wind. At 10:50 we reached the pole. And on May 25, the remaining group of aircraft was launched.

After landing at the North Pole, explorers made many discoveries. Every day they took soil samples, measured depths and drift speeds, determined coordinates, carried out magnetic measurements, hydrological and meteorological observations. Soon after the landing, a drift of the ice floe on which the researchers' camp was located was discovered. Her wanderings began in the North Pole area, after 274 days the ice floe turned into a fragment of 200 by 300 meters.

Mikhailov Andrey 06/13/2019 at 16:00

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Name the expedition that took place in 1937-1938, in which those depicted on the postage stamp became famous for their participation
Ivan Papanin, Evgeny Fedorov, Ernst Krenkel and Pyotr Shirshov.

show Answer: Drifting station North Pole – 1
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Ivan Papanin is one of the most famous Arctic explorers of the first half of the 20th century. He headed stations in the most remote places of our Motherland, on Franz Josef Land, Cape Chelyuskin. But above all, he is known as the head of the world's first drifting station NORTH POLE - 1.

All the people who became famous and are listed in the question were once part of the expedition North Pole-1.

The guys were very popular, at one time even postage and collectible stamps with their portraits were issued, now they are quite highly valued and very difficult to find.

In order to give the correct answer to this question, it is enough to enter into the search bar at least a few names presented to us as a note to the question and the search engine will give us exactly the correct answer, that is, the name of the expedition that took place in 1937-38. last century.

Correct answer: North Pole-1.

The expedition aimed at studying the Arctic and its weather conditions (May 1937-February 1938) was named North Pole-1.

The goal of the North Pole-1 expedition is to study ice and sea currents in the Arctic. The expedition was carefully planned (over a year) and supervised by the first people in the Soviet Union. Despite the hellish conditions of terrible cold, the goal was achieved in a fairly short time.

The polar explorers spent 274 days on the ice floe, after which they returned as heroes. They were given the title of Hero of the Soviet Union. All four were accepted as members of the State Geographical Society.

The expedition was called North Pole-1..

At that time, such a campaign was considered a real achievement. Not like now, when you can visit the North Pole by purchasing a ticket).

This expedition was quite loud, as it was trumpeted throughout the world. But the real risks that the participants took remained undisclosed.

The expedition was called North Pole-1. The four people mentioned in the question entered there. Weller's story on the topic of this expedition is interesting, where he humorously talks about who was doing what there.

For example, there were scientists conducting research, there was a radio operator, and there was an ideological worker who endlessly disassembled and assembled his Mauser.

The story is called Mauser Papanin.

These are the names of the participants of the North Pole - 1 expedition:

The expedition was made possible thanks to the development of polar aviation. Previously, it was believed that it was impossible to land on an ice floe near the North Pole; this was Amundsen’s opinion. On May 21, 1937, the expedition landed on an ice floe near the North Pole. The expedition drifted on an ice floe towards the North Pole towards Greenland. The expedition's work continued until the ice floe began to crack. Icebreakers Taimyr and Murman carried out a rescue operation, evacuating all polar explorers. They were all awarded the titles of Heroes of the Soviet Union.

This Expedition was named North Pole-1.

Here is a list of specialists who took part in it:

Radio operator and Soviet polar explorer Ernst Teodorovich Krenkel
Soviet state activist, hydrobiologist, doctor of geogr. Sciences Ptr Petrovich Shirshov
Geophysicist Evgeniy Konstantinovich Fdorov
The leader of the expedition is Ivan Dmitrievich Papanin.

At that time, exploration of the North Pole was extremely difficult and very dangerous, and some expeditions cost researchers their lives.

This expedition thundered throughout the world, became one of the brightest legends of the youth of our grandfathers, many young people had never even heard of it.

Just the name Papanin in the list of expedition participants brings back memories and evokes respect. Still, the guys withstood a difficult test, the test of permafrost, because it was an expedition that later received the name NORTH POLE - 1.

The expedition was named North Pole-1, 4 people took part in the expedition: Ivan Papanin (leader), Pyotr Shirshov (hydrologist), Ernst Krenkel (radio operator), Evgeny Fedorov (geophysicist).

They had to go through very difficult tests, including permafrost, a constant danger and threat.

Expedition in 1937 1938 name. Ivan Dmitrievich Papanin

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