MTZ 82 tractor clutch. Design and principle of operation of the clutch

Adviсe 22.08.2016 28909

The popular Belarus MTZ tractors use a version of the clutch system of the popular permanently closed model. This method has proven itself well on tractor and motor-tractor equipment. Meanwhile, an important part of the entire system is the clutch.

Its purpose is to transmit torque to the transmission from a diesel engine, disconnecting it from the gears and making a smooth (soft) connection. The coupling on MTZ-80 and MTZ-82 is with one disc and dry. As a result, the clutch mechanism allows the vehicle to move away smoothly, and when the braking mode is turned on, the engine crankshaft is smoothly disconnected from the transmission until it comes to a complete stop.

The main parts of the mechanism design include friction discs tightly pressed together, which are assembled in the brake or clutch clutch. The regularity of turning off and turning on the gear occurs due to the slipping of the rotating drive disk relative to the driven disk, which is connected by a spline to the gearbox. When the pedal is released, that is, the clutch is engaged, the drive and driven discs are tightly compressed, and when the pedal is pressed, that is, the clutch is turned off, the discs move apart, which creates free space between them.

The MTZ-82 clutch mechanism is single-disc, single-flow, dry. The main components are the engine flywheel, pressure and support disks. There are 12 pressure springs between the clutch discs. On one side, the springs rest against the cups of the support disk, and on the other, against the molded grooves of the pressure disk.

The driven disk, in turn, consists of a hub, a connecting disk and friction linings.

Due to the non-rigid clutch of the driven disk with the hub, which is provided by eight rubber dampers, the engagement of the MTZ-82 clutch is soft, and the dynamic loads in the transmission are insignificant.

Clutch adjustment occurs through the following steps:

By adjusting the free play of the clutch control pedal. The length of the rod (4-5 cm) regulates the stroke. This size provides clearance between the release bearing and the release lever. If the tractor pedal freezes in the “free wheel” position, then you need to compress the spring with a thrust bolt;

Adjusting the length of the brake locking rod. To adjust it, you need to disconnect it from the lifting lever, then the rod is attached to the lever and its length increases. In this case, the rod must be shortened by 7 mm and secured with a lock nut;

Adjusting the clutch release levers. This must be done after installing the clutch on the flywheel using a special mandrel with an end surface. Between the heels on the release levers and the end of the support disk hub.

When operating the clutch, the following recommendations and tips should be followed. The structure must be lubricated every 60 hours of operation, and the free play of the pedal must be checked every 240 hours. For lubrication, use solid oil, which should be selected according to the parameters of the lubrication table. Over time, free play decreases due to wear of parts. Its maximum value can reach 30 mm.

1. Do not keep your foot on the pedal while operating. Because of this, the wear rate increases.

2. The clutch comes into operation smoothly. It should not be left in an intermediate state.

3. Also, the clutch should not be turned off for a long time.

If you do see that certain clutch parts need to be replaced, you need to buy high-quality components.

Tractor clutch Belarus MTZ-82.1

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Clutch

Flywheel 1 of the Belarus MTZ-82.1, 80.1, 82.2 engine is equipped with a dry single-plate clutch of a permanently closed type. The leading part of the clutch is the flywheel 1 and the pressure plate (basket) 3.

The driven part of the clutch includes a driven disk 2 (with asbestos-free linings) with a torsional vibration damper 8, mounted on the power shaft 6.

On tractors Belarus MTZ-82-1, 80-1, 82-2, the required pressing force of the rubbing surfaces of the driving and driven parts is provided by nine springs 20.

Elastic elements are installed between the floating bushing 7 connected to the PTO drive shaft 4 and the support disk 10. The clutch is turned on and off by a tap 16 with a release bearing 14 moving along a bracket 15. The tap fork 17 with a roller 18 are connected by a rod with
clutch pedal.

The release bearing 14 is lubricated through a grease nipple screwed into the release pin.

Fig.44. Clutch for tractors Belarus MTZ-82.1, 80.1

1 – flywheel; 2 – driven disk; 3 – pressure disk; 4 – PTO drive shaft; 5 – hub; 6 – power shaft; 7 – floating bushing; 8 – torsional vibration damper; 9 – release lever; 10 – support disk; 11 – fork; 12 – nut; 13 – locking plate; 14 – release bearing; 15 – branch bracket; 16 – layering; 17 – shutdown fork; 18 – control roller; 19 – glass; 20 – pressure spring; 21 – insulating washer.

Removing and installing the clutch

Fig.45. Installation, dismantling and adjustment of clutch release levers

1 – flywheel; 2 – driven disk; 3 – pressure disk; 4 – floating bushing; 5 – release lever; 6 – support disk; 7 – locking plate; 8 – adjusting nut; 9 – fork; 10 – bushing.

Dismantling the Belarus MTZ-82-1, 80-1 clutch is performed after disconnecting the engine from the transmission in the following order:

Install three technological bolts (M12x40), screwing them into basket 3 through the technological holes of the support disk 6;

Unscrew the nuts securing the support disk to the flywheel and remove the clutch disc assembly (support 6 with pressure 3);

Remove driven disk 2.

Installation of the clutch is carried out in the following order:

Install driven disk 2 with the long end of the hub to flywheel 1;

Install the clutch disc assembly (support 6 with basket 3) onto the flywheel pins with bushings 10, secure with nuts (tightening torque from 70 to 90 Nm);

Install the technological mandrel and remove the technological bolts.

Adjust the position of the release levers 5.

Adjusting the clutch release levers

Adjustment of the Belarus MTZ-82.1, 80.1 clutch release levers must be performed as follows:

By screwing or unscrewing the adjusting nuts 8, adjust the position of the release levers to a size of 13±0.5 mm from the supporting surfaces of the levers to the end of the support disk hub. The difference in size for individual levers should be no more than 0.3 mm;

After adjusting the levers, install locking plates 7 and secure them with bolts;

Remove the mandrel.

Clutch control

The Belarus MTZ-82-1, 80-1 clutch is controlled as follows:

When you press the pedal pad 6, the rod 5 moves and turns the lever 1, connected through the control shaft 18 to the clutch release.

The clutch is then disengaged.

When pedal 6 is released, the clutch is engaged.

Fig.46. Clutch control

1 – lever; 2 – finger; 3 – fork; 4 – lock nut; 5 – traction; 6 – pedal; 7 – servo device; 8 – bolt; 9 – bracket; 10 – cover; 11 – washer; 12 – creeper.

Adjusting the free play of the clutch pedal

The free play of the clutch pedal, measured with the engine not running, should be in the range from 40 to 50 mm. If this value is exceeded or underestimated, adjust the clutch pedal free play.

To adjust the free play of the Belarus MTZ-82.1, 80.1 clutch, do the following:

Loosen lock nut 4 of fork 3, unpin and remove pin 2, disconnecting rod 5 from lever 1;

Unscrew the adjusting bolt 8 until the pedal 6 touches the cabin floor;

Turn lever 1 counterclockwise until it stops, i.e. until the release bearings touch the release levers MS;

Adjust the length of rod 5 by rotating fork 3 until the holes in the fork and lever 1 coincide. Then screw in fork 3 five turns (shorten the rod).

Tighten locknut 4, connect fork 3 to lever 1 using pin 2.

If your tractor is equipped with a speed reducer, then to prevent pedal 6 from freezing, it is necessary to install up to four washers 11. The free play of the clutch pedal can be reduced to 35 mm.

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Service and adjustments MTZ-82 __________________________________________________________________________

Operation and service MTZ-82.1, 80.1, 80.2, 82.2

FDA with planetary helical wheel reducers

Repair of MTZ-80

Many farmers are interested in how the MTZ-82 clutch is adjusted. On MTZ types 80, 82, 82-1, 320 and 1221 a single-disc clutch is installed. The function of such an element in the system is to transmit torque to the transmission from the engine. At this time, the engine is disconnected from the soft connection and the gearbox. At the same time, the clutch design of the MTZ-80 and other models allows the car to move smoothly and stop when the brakes are turned on.

How to adjust the clutch

Let's consider what this mechanism consists of. The clutch device includes friction discs pressed tightly against one another. These discs are located in the clutch. The transmission is engaged when the driving disc slips against the driven disc. They are connected to each other by a splined unit and a gearbox. When the pedal is released, the circuit turns on, and then the discs are pressed tightly together, and are separated when the pedal is pressed. At this moment, a gap appears between the disks.

The MTZ-82 and 80 tractors from the Minsk plant have a single-disc, single-thread mechanism, which includes:

flywheel;
pressure and support disks;
12 pressure springs located between the discs.

Farmers ask how to install the clutch of the MTZ 80 tractor. Installation is carried out at the factory, but if repairs need to be made, you can do it yourself. The tractor is equipped with parts that can wear out during long-term use of the equipment. That is why the MTZ clutch is adjusted and the paw or disc is replaced.

Let's look at how the MTZ-82 clutch paws are adjusted:

First you need to unfasten the rod from the lever by extending your finger.
Unscrew the MTZ-82 clutch adjustment bolt and set the pedal to its original position.
After this, you need to unscrew the lever counterclockwise until the bearing stops, which is fixed into the release levers.
Next, I adjust the traction fork, which will allow me to connect the hole of the lever and the fork.
Reduce the thrust by 5 turns of the fork, then connect it to the lever using your finger.
Check the health of the system.

The next stage of repair of the MTZ-82 clutch involves moving the pedal to the initial position. To do this, you need to move the pedal to the length full speed. If sagging is observed, you need to unscrew the bolts by turning the bracket clockwise.

If replacing the MTZ-82 clutch is not carried out by adjusting the rod length, then the position of the levers must be changed. When the adjustment is completed, tighten the locknut and secure the pin.

After adjusting the clutch, you need to start adjusting the release levers. Here you will need a frame that is made according to the inner diameter of the hub. It has an end surface designed to support the levers. They must be brought back to normal using nuts that will allow the levers to be brought all the way to the end, and lock washers installed.

When does a mechanism need to be replaced?

Let's consider when there is a need to replace this mechanism. Replacement and repair of the MTZ-82 clutch is carried out in the following cases:

The device does not allow you to obtain full torque.
The pedal moves partially or the radius of its movement increases several times.
The driven disc linings, lift brackets or cuffs are worn.
Doesn't turn off completely.
Oil gets onto a dry disc.
The drive shaft bearing cap has been squeezed out.

The MTZ-80 clutch basket is repaired and adjusted in the same way. This wheeled tractor model, like the 1221 and 320, has the same reasons for clutch wear.

How to make adjustments on MTZ-320

Let's look at how the clutch is adjusted on the MTZ-320 and how to correctly install the clutch disc. As on tractors such as MTZ-80, 82 and 82-1, the MTZ-320 has a dry single-disc friction clutch, which is of the permanently closed type.

The clutch is fixed to the flywheel with 6 bolts placed on three pins. The torque from the pressure disk and the flywheel of the motor passes to the driven disk, and then to the shaft. Between the release discs there are 9 pairs of springs.

The pedal can move freely in the basket, but the limit is 40 mm. If this parameter is larger, it will be difficult to shift the gearbox and problems will arise with the operation of the mechanism.

If the pedal travel is insufficient, slipping may well occur, which threatens wear on the discs.

You can cope with this situation by installing the MTZ-320 clutch. This is done according to the following scheme:

You need to unfasten the rod from the lever and pull out the finger.
Rotate the lever counterclockwise until the bearing stops in the lever. Then you need to turn the traction fork, connect the holes on the lever and the fork.
You need to turn the fork a few turns and try to connect it to the lever, for which you need to use your finger.
At the very end of the contract, the finger is secured.
After this, it is necessary to check the serviceability of all components and fasteners that are included in this system MTZ mini-tractor.

When adjusting the MTZ-1221 clutch, adjust all the devices that together make up the MTZ clutch. Unlike the models of mechanisms installed on MTZ-80, 82 and 320, clutch adjustment on 1221 involves working with a different type of system.

This tractor model has a double-disc friction mechanism with a pressure disc called a basket. The driven part of the system also includes 2 driven ones, on which there are rotation vibration dampers. They are located on the power shaft, which ensures an effective connection.

Before installing a new clutch on Belarus mini-tractors, you must first remove it. First, bolts are installed, which are screwed into the pressure plate. Secondly, the fastening nuts are unscrewed and the discs are removed. Thirdly, first the slave is removed, then the middle slave, and at the very end the second slave.

The adjustment involves first installing a splined mandrel into the flywheel bearing. Then the first driven one is installed, and then the one that is mounted in the grooves of the flywheel.

Next, the second slave is installed, after which it is necessary to put in place the disks that are assembled. They must be secured with nuts and bolts. At the very end, the position of the release levers is adjusted.

In order for the release levers to fall into place, you need to alternately screw in and unscrew the adjusting nuts and put them on the other side. When the repaired levers can be controlled, it is necessary to install the locking plates and remove the frame.

How to avoid system wear

During operation of the mechanism, you must carefully monitor the condition of the coupling. Among the main recommendations it is worth noting the following:

Every 60 hours of movement, the mechanism must be completely lubricated.
Carry out a full pedal free play check every 240 hours.
Use grease as a lubricant.
It is necessary to monitor the size of the freewheel; it decreases over time due to wear of parts. The maximum free play should not be more than 30 mm. If necessary, the clutch disc is installed or replaced.

On Belarusian tractors, the installation diagram provides for compliance with the following rules of use:

When the machine is moving, the operator working on the tractor must not long time press the pedal. Otherwise, the wear rate of parts may increase.
The clutch must be moved smoothly. It is forbidden to leave it in an intermediate state for a long time.
You cannot keep the clutch turned off for a long time, which has a bad effect on the operation of the mechanism.
The pads should be checked every 120 hours of driving, as they reduce the pedal travel of the mechanism.
Check the stroke of the lever, which should be located at a distance of 6-7 mm. This corresponds to the free travel of the pedal, the size of which varies from 40 to 50 mm.

Thus, adjusting the clutch on MTZ-80 and 82 differs from repairing MTZ-1221, since it has more modern system and design. After familiarizing yourself with this material, each farmer will be able to independently adjust the clutch on his tractor and, if necessary, replace or repair the relevant parts. This will save money.

Clutch MTZ-80, MTZ-82

A dry single-plate clutch of a permanently closed type is installed on flywheel 1 of the diesel engine (see Fig. 1). The driving part of the clutch of the MTZ-80, MTZ-82 tractors is the flywheel 1 and the pressure plate 3. The driven part of the clutch includes the driven disk 2 with a torsional vibration damper 8, mounted on the power shaft 6.

The required pressing force of the rubbing surfaces of the driving and driven parts is provided by nine main springs 21 and six additional springs 20; if, upon request, a driven disk 2 with metal-ceramic linings is installed in the clutch, then in this case additional springs 20 are not installed.

Fig.1 Clutch coupling of the MTZ-80, MTZ-82 tractor

1 – flywheel; 2 – driven disk; 3 – pressure disk; 4 – PTO drive shaft; 5 – hub; 6 – power shaft; 7 – floating bushing; 8 – torsional vibration damper; 9 – release lever; 10 – support disk; 11 – fork; 12 – nut; 13 – locking plate; 14 – bearing; 15 – branch bracket; 16 – layering; 17 – shutdown fork; 18 – control roller; 19 – glass; 20 – pressure spring; 21 – pressure spring; 22 – insulating washer.

Elastic elements are installed between the floating bushing 7 (Fig. 1), connected to the PTO drive shaft 4, and the support disk 10. The clutch is turned on and off by a tap 16 with a release bearing 14, moving along the bracket 15.

The offset fork 17 with the roller 18 are connected by a rod to the clutch pedal. The release bearing 14 is lubricated through a grease nipple screwed into the release pin.

Adjusting the free play of the MTZ-80, 82 clutch pedal and the length of the brake locking rod

Check the pedal for free play every 500 hours of tractor operation.

When the tractor is operating, the free play of the pedal gradually decreases due to wear of the friction linings.

The permissible reduction is up to 30 mm, after which adjustment is required.

Adjust the MTZ-80, 82 clutch control and brake simultaneously and perform it in the following sequence:

Before checking the free play of the pedal, release it from the influence of the servo spring by screwing bolt 6 until it stops in bracket 8 (Fig. 2).

With correctly adjusted brake control, spring 14 of rod 13 should be additionally compressed by 3-4 mm when the clutch is engaged.

Rice. 2. Clutch control MTZ-80, 82

1 - pillow rod; 2.7, 17 - bolt; 3 - clutch pedal; 4 - axis; 5, 14 - spring; b - persistent bolt; 8 - bracket; 9, 13, 19 - traction; 10, 12, 20 - fork; 11, 16, 18 - lever; 15 - lock nut.

Adjusting the position of the clutch release levers MTZ-80, 82

After installing the MTZ-80, 82 clutch on the flywheel and removing the technological bolts, adjust the position of the release levers using a special mandrel, which is based on the inner diameter of the splined hub of the support disk with a stop at the end of the hub.

The mandrel has an end surface for resting the release levers. The dimensions of the mandrel are indicated. Using the adjusting screws, move the release levers until they stop at the end
mandrels and securely lock the adjusting screws with locknuts.

This ensures a distance of 0.1 mm from the contact surface of the levers with the release bearing to the end of the support disk hub. The difference in this size for the levers of one
couplings should not exceed 0.3 mm.

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