Alkaline min water. Mineral waters - treatment with mineral water
Characteristics of bottled mineral waters for drinking treatment
O. N. Nechipurenko, Ph.D. honey. Sciences Kharkov Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education
Mineral waters are complex physical and chemical irritants and obey general physiological laws. Taking mineral water internally leads to physiological reactions in various organs and systems.
There are three phases of the action of mineral waters on the body: 1) complex reflex; 2) neurochemical; 3) aftereffect phase. It should be noted that the reflex mechanism plays a role in the implementation of all three phases.
The main indicators of the balneological significance of mineral waters are: total mineralization, gas content, ionic composition, content of organic compounds and microelements with biological activity, radioactivity, water pH, temperature.
Characteristics of medicinal mineral waters
Hydrocarbonate waters (Borjomi, Sairme, Luzhanskaya, Polyana Kupel, Polyana Kvasova and many others) have a beneficial effect on the bile-forming and bile-excretory functions of the liver and biliary tract, improve carbohydrate and protein metabolism, and have an anti-inflammatory effect. Bicarbonates inhibit the level of acid formation in the stomach, so they are recommended for use in case of increased levels of acid formation, pyloric spasm, and symptoms of acidism. They improve the absorption of micro- and macroelements and enhance diuresis. It should be noted that the inhibitory or stimulating effect of water on the secretory and motor functions of the stomach depends on the methods of their use.
Chloride waters (source No. 2 of the resort Truskavets, Druskininkai, Mirgorodskaya, Kuyalnik; brines springs No. 6 of the resort Morshin, Truskavets, etc.) are indicated for diseases of the liver, biliary tract with concomitant chronic gastritis with secretory insufficiency, enterocolitis.
Hydrocarbonate sodium chloride waters give a pronounced choleretic and cholekinetic effect. The presence of sulfates in mineral waters (Slavic, Smirnovsky springs, Kislovodsk sulfate Narzan, etc.) makes them especially effective for pathologies of the liver and biliary tract, as well as for a number of stomach diseases. Sulfate mineral waters slow down the absorption processes in the intestines, enhance their peristalsis and secretion, which determines their laxative effect. After normalization of intestinal function, the functional state of the liver improves due to the fact that sulfates inhibit acid formation in the stomach and this is the basis for their use in patients with liver pathology and concomitant stomach diseases that occur with high acidity.
There is evidence of a beneficial effect of sulfate and magnesium-containing waters on the functional state of the liver, primarily due to the restoration of hepatocyte function. Magnesium is less common in mineral waters. Magnesium ions are absorbed in the stomach and initial parts of the small intestine and enter the liver, where they are partially deposited. The beneficial effect of magnesium on the functional state of the hepato-biliary system is associated with its choleretic effect and the ability to reduce cholesterol levels in the blood and bile. Magnesium salts have an antispasmodic effect, helping to normalize the tone of the gastroduodenal zone, gall bladder, and sphincter of Oddi. Magnesium participates in enzymatic processes, being deposited, in particular, in muscles, activates carbohydrate metabolism, catalyzes the activity of digestive tract enzymes (trypsin, erypsin), reduces the excitability of the central nervous system, and has a pronounced laxative effect. Waters with a magnesium content of more than 20 g/l include Batalinskaya, Crimean Narzan, Moscow, and analogues of Kislovodsk waters.
For concomitant gastritis with secretory insufficiency, mineral waters containing, in addition to sulfates, chlorine and sodium ions are indicated. Sodium helps regulate metabolism and osmotic pressure in tissues, stimulates the bile-forming and especially bile-excretory functions of the hepatobiliary system and the secretory function of the glands of the digestive tract, and enhances intestinal motility. Calcium chloride waters have an anti-inflammatory effect, thicken cell membranes, reduce tissue swelling, and increase the level of metabolic processes.
Sodium chloride waters containing calcium improve lipid metabolism, so they are prescribed to patients with chronic gastritis with secretory insufficiency.
Thus, sulfate- and magnesium-containing mineral waters have a pronounced choleretic, cholekinetic effect, have a beneficial effect on the functional state of the liver, and restore the structure of the liver. The therapeutic effect is due to the anti-inflammatory effect, normalization of the physico-chemical composition of bile, preventing precipitation of the constituent parts of bile. Due to the pronounced choleretic effect, the objective and subjective condition of patients suffering from liver and biliary tract diseases significantly improves. After completing a course of drinking treatment with mineral waters containing significant amounts of magnesium, sulfates in combination with other ions (sodium, potassium, calcium), in most cases, dyspeptic syndrome (bitterness and dry mouth, nausea, heartburn, etc.) disappears in patients. , clinical manifestations of the disease (increase in the size of the liver, its pain, change in consistency), the size of the spleen, intestinal function, and pancreas are normalized.
The microelements contained in mineral waters have a specific physiological effect. Two groups of microelements have been identified, differing in the nature of their action: 1) arsenic, iron, cobalt, copper, manganese and other heavy metals; 2) iodine, bromine.
Arsenic, iron, cobalt (component of vitamin B12) take an active part in the processes of hematopoiesis, therefore arsenic-containing mineral waters (kvass, avadhara, karmadon) and iron-containing waters (Polustrovskaya, Kelechin, Shepetovskaya) are indicated for patients with diseases of the digestive organs in combination with anemia.
Mineral waters containing manganese include kvass, shayan, and kelechin. Manganese is part of proteolytic enzymes, takes part in redox processes and regulation of hematopoiesis, in protein and carbohydrate metabolism, and affects the content of vitamins (ascorbic and nicotinic acids).
Iodine-containing waters (waters of Maikop, Akhtyrsky springs, Semigorsk) promote resorption and regeneration, participate in redox processes, and have a bactericidal effect. Indicated for patients with pathologies of the digestive system. With an iodine concentration of 5 mg/l, 200 ml of mineral water contains 1 mg of iodine, which can have a pharmacological effect. In highly mineralized waters, iodine is often combined with boron (Polyana Kvasova, Dragovskaya, Svalyavskaya, Semigorskaya). Polyana kvassova mineral water, containing 126 mg/l of boron, reduces the amount of bile and the concentration of cholesterol in it, i.e. there is a tendency to reduce bile secretion.
Siliceous mineral waters (Berezovskaya, Kharkovskaya No. 2, Rai-Elenovka springs, Shayan) have adsorption, astringent properties, sedative, analgesic, anti-inflammatory effects due to the presence of silicic acid in them. These waters are indicated for pathologies of the digestive tract, liver and bile ducts.
Bromine has a beneficial effect on the functional state of the central nervous system. Bromine waters include Lugelskaya, Talitskaya, Nalchik, which are prescribed for many diseases of the digestive system, but since these waters reduce the level of metabolism, they should not be prescribed to obese patients.
Thus, the internal use of mineral waters is an integral part of balneotherapy.
Table 1. List of bottled mineral waters
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Table 2. Main criteria for evaluating medicinal mineral waters
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Literature
- Serbina L. A. Rehabilitation of patients with pathology of the digestive organs. K., 1989. 208 p.
- Klyachkin L. M., Shchegolkov A. M. Medical rehabilitation of patients with diseases of internal organs A guide for doctors. M., 2000
- Ulashchik V. S., Lukomsky I. V. General physiotherapy. Mn., 2003 512 p.
Gout is a type of arthritis. The disease is chronic. Unfortunately, it is completely impossible to cure it.
One of the primary reasons for the development of the disease is the hereditary factor. But often pathology appears in those whose diet is saturated with acid-forming foods, in particular, sweet drinks.
Also a significant factor that brings the onset of gouty arthritis closer is the high concentration of purines in the diet. For example, the following products have an adverse effect on the metabolic processes occurring in the body:
- canned fish;
- beer;
- seafood;
- mushrooms;
- coffee;
- meat and so on.
This menu significantly oxidizes the body, which helps to increase the content of lactic acid. It settles on the joint tissues and eventually develops gout.
Typically, this disease affects the small joints of the upper and lower extremities.
Gouty nodes also form, in most cases the big toe is affected. A painful red lump-like formation appears on its side.
Regarding the diet that requires treatment for gouty arthritis, first of all you need to remove from it:
- alcohol;
- meat;
- black tea;
- legumes;
- strong coffee.
The menu should be enriched with berries, fruits and vegetables. Tomatoes are especially useful for gout, as they have a beneficial effect on the body during inflammation.
Mineral waters for gouty arthritis
During an exacerbation of gout in the first two days you need to drink alkaline water of low mineralization. They restore the acid-base balance, washing away toxins, uric and oxalic acid from the body's cells.
Alkaline mineral water, when interacting with the gastric environment, increases its acidity level, thereby normalizing the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract. In addition, mineralized water contains magnesium, which increases brain activity, so it is often prescribed for stress and nervous breakdowns.
Mineral water for gout has been used as an adjuvant therapy for many years. This medicine is prescribed to people suffering from pathologies of the musculoskeletal system. The level of usefulness of such water is determined by the amount of dissolved mineralization elements.
This water is also called “living”, because if you drink it correctly, it can cure a lot of diseases.
However, in case of improper use, incorrect dosage and incorrect combination with drug treatment, it can only aggravate the disease.
Rules for choosing and drinking
Alkaline water has an acidity of at least 7 pH. Only a doctor can select the required level for a patient with gouty arthritis, because in this case various factors should be taken into account. But as a rule, the norm is 3 ml per 1 kg of body weight.
During treatment with alkaline mineral water, certain rules must be followed. So, beneficial components are absorbed faster if you drink water slowly, in small sips.
The dosage at the initial stage of treatment should be minimal, the increase in volume should be gradual until the recommended dose is reached. For preventive purposes, alkaline mineral water is taken 20 minutes before meals.
If you have gastritis or ulcers, it is better to drink mineral water after eating food. And in case of excessive secretion of gastric juice, it is necessary to drink it with food.
Before drinking, mineral water should be prepared: it should be at room temperature, if it is carbonated, then the gas should be released before drinking it.
And if the patient does not have a tendency to swelling and there are no disturbances in the functioning of the cardiovascular system, then you can drink no more than 1 liter per day.
Alkaline water: which one to choose?
There are a number of brands of mineral waters that are often prescribed for therapeutic and preventive purposes for gout. So, the following types and names of mineral waters are distinguished.
Sodium bicarbonate alkaline water:
- Arzni;
- Svalyava;
- Isti-Su;
- Luzhanskaya-3;
- Dragovskaya;
- Luzhanskaya-4;
- Essentuki No. 4, 17;
- Polyana Kvasova;
- Korneshtskaya;
- Sirabskaya;
- Borjomi.
Bicarbonate-sulfate-calcium water:
- Smirnovskaya;
- Slavic.
When taking this or that alkaline water, it is important to remember that its incorrect use can only aggravate the condition of gout. After all, the concentration of salts and minerals in such a medicine may not be suitable for every person.
Mineral water plays a very important role in gout, because it improves the metabolism of substances such as adenine and guanine, which, if metabolized poorly, can be transformed into uric acid, which can cause a disease such as gout, or “disease of abundance,” so it began to be called in the 21st century.
Gout - what to do
Gout is a disease that occurs due to insufficient metabolism and is characterized by the accumulation of uric acid in the joints. It has long been considered a “disease of the rich,” since the main cause is excessive indulgence in high-calorie foods and drinking. If inactivity is added to these factors, then the likelihood of progression of this disease increases.
Previously, the risk zone mainly fell on men after 50 years of age, but today the boundaries of gouty influence have expanded, and this disease has also affected the fair sex. Today, for every seven sick men, there is one woman. At the beginning of the 20th century, one woman accounted for every 20 men with gout.
Changes in living conditions and rhythm do not always entail positive consequences. Women have recently begun to pay excessive attention to various diets, including methods of losing weight with the help of diuretics, without thinking that these drugs increase the amount of uric acid in the body and contribute to the development of gout.
Proper drinking for gout
One of the auxiliary means that is used in the treatment of “disease of abundance” is medicinal mineral water. This is mineral water, which contains almost the entire composition of the chemical elements of the periodic table. But the main substances of mineral waters are ions - positively and negatively charged particles.
The composition of medicinal water, in addition to chemical elements, includes a certain amount of gases, for example, carbon dioxide and organic substances. These are all the indicators on which the classification of alkaline waters is based and the level of favorable inspiration on the human body is determined.
Alkaline mineral waters for gout affect:
- acid-base balance (balance the correct ratio);
- mineral content (increase their capacity in the body);
- reabsorption of medications (increases the effect of the drug on the body);
- have a beneficial effect on the immune system and the gastrointestinal tract in general.
Important to know
Here is a list of alkaline mineral waters recommended for use for gout:
- Essentuki (No. 4, No. 17);
- Naftusya;
- Narzan;
- Smirnovskaya;
- Borjomi;
- Slavyanovskaya.
The list of names of alkaline waters may be relatively small, but drinking these drinks will replenish all the lost mineral reserves of the body necessary for an effective fight against gout.
Pay attention! “Miracle water” is a medicine and should, accordingly, be prescribed by a doctor! This is especially true for drinking Essentuki water. It has the highest concentration of minerals, and you should not experiment with taking it while self-medicating.
Characteristics of alkaline waters
Gout and mineral water are related concepts. Only alkaline mineral waters, together with drug therapy, can improve the patient’s condition and put gout into remission or prevent its progression in the initial stage of its occurrence.
Essentuki No. 4, No. 17
“Essentuki” is mined from the depths of the resort area of the Caucasian Mineral Waters. They belong to medicinal table waters and have a high concentration of minerals. Prescribed for gout, diseases of the gastrointestinal tract and genitourinary system. No. 17 has the highest concentrated mineral composition and a number of contraindications for use. To use it, medical supervision is required.
Refers to low-mineralized mineral waters with a high level of organic matter. The water has a specific taste of oil. Prescribed for the treatment of urolithiasis and urinary tract diseases. Special recommendation for use: it is used only within the pump room, since when interacting with air it significantly loses its therapeutic effect.
This medicinal table mineral water is of glacial origin and contains natural carbonation. Bottled in the North Caucasus. Prescribed for gastritis, ulcers, pancreatitis, but only in remission. Due to the high content of magnesium and calcium, it has a beneficial effect on the nervous and skeletal systems of the human body.
Smirnovskaya
Just like “Essentuki”, this medicinal table water is extracted in the Caucasian Mineral Waters area in the vicinity of Zheleznovodsk. Refers to low-mineralized mineral waters. Characteristic difference: it is used regardless of the stage of exacerbation. It has proven itself in the fight against diseases such as gastroduodenitis, diabetes mellitus, chronic pancreatitis, obesity (which increases the risk of developing gout) and diseases of the genitourinary system. Strengthens the tone of the sphincters, gallbladder and gastrointestinal motility.
This healing water originates in the wells of the Borjomi Nature Reserve (Georgia). It has a pleasant taste, healing mineral and chemical composition. The peculiarity of the bottling is in glass containers with an emblem in the form of a deer. It has a beneficial effect on metabolism (failure of which leads to the development of gout), the respiratory system (with cardiac asthma and bronchial asthma), gynecological diseases, and the cardiovascular system. Prevents the formation of uric acid stones.
Slavyanovskaya
The represented alkaline water originates in a high-thermal spring about 300 meters deep in Zheleznovodsk (Stavropol Territory, Caucasian Mineral Waters). Refers to a low-mineralized medicinal drink. Has a sour taste. It is successfully used for constipation, various diseases of the gastrointestinal tract and urinary tract. Promotes weight loss.
All of the above names of alkaline waters have been successfully used in the fight against gout. Eliminate certain causes of this disease. They can also directly influence the correct ratio of uric acid, preventing its accumulation in the joints.
General rules of application
What mineral water to drink for gout is decided solely by the doctor. Therefore, the first and most important rule is to consult a specialist! Everything can act as both poison and medicine: determining the correct dosage is important. This issue should be addressed by your doctor. The type of medicinal water is individually prescribed, the specifics of its use and dose are established. General rules for drinking water:
- Before use, you need to get rid of excess carbon dioxide (put the open container in a warm bath of water).
- Drinking sips should be small, slow and calm.
- Water is taken on an empty stomach and half an hour before meals (at least 3 times a day).
Basically, the duration of the course of treatment is a month. The recommended break between courses is at least two months. Patients with gout enjoy “privileges” in this case: they can increase the duration of the course of therapy and shorten the break slightly.
Contraindications for use
- glomerulonephritis;
- bilateral pyelonephritis;
- insulin-dependent diabetes;
- urinary tract obstruction;
- kidney pathology.
During pregnancy, there is no strict taboo on the use of alkaline waters, but caution should still be observed in use.
Remember that there is also a genetic factor in the development of gout. In this case, the use of alkaline water will serve as a preventive measure. In addition, special attention in case of gout should be paid not only to drinking, but also to food. Food must be warm, dietary, varied. In no case should proteins dominate the diet: it should be balanced. Alcohol is contraindicated. Do not forget: for detailed recommendations you should contact specialists. Be healthy!
Names of mineral waters for gout
As a preventive method and in relieving an acute attack of gout, some mineralized drinks can be used. It should be remembered that the mineral water used must have an alkaline pH level.
Names of mineral waters for gout that meet the necessary characteristics:
- Lipetskaya.
- Essentuki No. 4.
- Smirnovskaya.
- Jermuk.
- Essentuki No. 17.
- Baby rabbit.
- Borjomi.
- Dilijan.
- Lysogorskaya.
- Slavyanovskaya.
- Donat Mg.
- Novoterskaya healing.
- Narzan.
The main goal of this therapy is to remove excess uric acid and prevent the formation of urate crystals in the joints.
Sulfate and sulfide waters, which undoubtedly include such well-known brands as Borjomi, Narzan, Essentuki No. 4 and No. 17, have diuretic and choleretic properties, reduce the concentration of uric acid in the blood, eliminating hyperuricemia, and also reduce inflammation.
When drinking such water, uric acid becomes alkalized, which makes it easier to eliminate, and the metabolism of protein compounds is also stimulated. But you should remember one main rule. The phrase “the more the better” in no way applies to the intake of specialized mineralized water.
Essentuki No. 4 and Essentuki No. 17 - low-mineral medicinal table water. Its use for gout is permissible only with the permission of a specialist.
Borjomi is a natural mineral hydrocarbonate-sodium water, with natural mineralization. This water helps dissolve urate and uric acid stones no larger than 7 mm in size. Borjomi mineral water is consumed half an hour before meals in an amount of 150 ml.
Slavyanovskaya is water with sulfate-hydrocarbonate and calcium-sodium characteristics. Its use shows high effectiveness in preventing gout or stopping its attacks. Mineral water effectively breaks down urate salts, activates the process of removing their breakdown products, and eliminates inflammation.
The regimen for taking Slavyanskaya mineral water is four times a day in the amount of 4 - 5 ml per kilogram of weight. Healing water should have a temperature of 20 - 30 degrees. The duration of treatment is four to five weeks.
Magnesium waters, which include mineralized liquid Donat Mg (Donat Mg), activate nucleic acid metabolism and reduce the amount of uric acid substances in the blood. In most cases, it is prescribed to patients with nephrolithiasis, that is, in the presence of sand and kidney stones. But it is no less effective for gout.
The calcium ions present in the liquid help dissolve uric acid, which promotes its more active removal from the body. This element has membrane-protective characteristics that make it possible to activate cell function and reduce the level of tissue inflammation.
The element silicon, invariably present to a greater or lesser extent in all of the above waters, helps stabilize cell membranes, enhances urination, simultaneously decomposing uric and oxalic acids, preventing the formation of crystalline forms of urates.
Fluoride ions effectively stop the process of synthesis of uric acid substances, which include uric acid.
Alkaline mineral waters for gout
Drinking alkaline mineral water for gout helps to easily utilize excess uric acid substances, removing them with urine from the diseased body. Used for high acidity of gastric juice. This water perfectly alkalizes urine.
With regular but dosed intake of alkaline mineral water (low mineralization), metabolic processes are normalized and toxins are removed from the body.
After consultation with a specialist, it can be used to prevent gout.
Alkaline mineral water for gout should be taken with the consent of the attending physician and according to the regimen prescribed by him. In most cases, the dose per dose is calculated based on the patient’s body weight. This formula is simple: 4 ml for every kilogram of the patient's weight.
But this is an average formula, since each organism is individual and during the treatment process this starting dosage can be adjusted. The composition of a particular water also differs individually, which also makes adjustments to the dosage taken. On average, the permitted daily volumes of such water range from half a liter to a liter. At the same time, doctors recommend drinking it warm.
Alkaline mineral waters for gout can also be used as mineral baths, compresses and applications.
Mineral water for gout and urolithiasis
Disruption of metabolic processes especially affects the functioning of the musculoskeletal and urinary systems of the body. Excessive accumulation of uric acid substances and their deposition in the joint elements force these systems to work to the limit.
At the same time, such a patient has a disturbance in the outflow of urine; urate salts and oxalates do not leave the body with it, which under certain conditions begin to crystallize. When they accumulate in the joints, an inflammatory process develops, leading to gout. Some of the crystal-like neoplasms accumulate in the kidneys, forming stones in it, which leads to the development and progression of urolithiasis.
Mineral water for gout and urolithiasis is one of the components of almost any protocol for the treatment of these diseases. Properly selected mineralized water can help a sick body transfer the disease into remission.
Positives:
- Prevention of the formation of stones of any chemical composition.
- Activation of the production of special colloids that help improve the solubility of uric acid salts.
- Improving their removal from the body.
Mineral water intake is carried out under constant monitoring by the attending physician, since an independent change in dosage can lead, on the contrary, to an increase in the content and deposition of a number of salts in the body, which can also provoke the formation of stones.
If there is a relatively large stone in the patient’s body, then when trying to remove it from the body, there is a high probability of blockage of the urinary tract, which is a direct indication for immediate hospitalization and surgical intervention.
Therefore, before taking such water, it is necessary to undergo a full examination of the body using instrumental diagnostic tools (ultrasound examination of the area of interest to us, radiography, and so on).
In this case, the type of stone formations must be determined. Mineral water with alkaline characteristics is prescribed only for stone urate, a result of a malfunction in purine metabolism. Magnesium waters show especially good results in this case. Such, for example, as Donat Mg.
Mineral water recommended for gout should not only be alkaline, but also hydrocarbonate-sulfate, with a high content of magnesium ions. This combination of elements normalizes metabolism, in which protein metabolism occupies a special place. Thanks to its special properties, it manages to break down uric acids, which are present in excess in the body of a gout patient, thereby reducing the likelihood of the formation of urate stone tumors. We should not forget the fact that this drink has anti-inflammatory and alkalizing characteristics.
Let's take a closer look at the example of one of them. Donat Mg mineral water is an alkaline drink and is characterized by a high content of chemical elements such as magnesium and silicon.
The duration of the treatment or prophylactic course is generally from four to six weeks. On average, the Donat Mg mineral water intake schedule looks like this:
- The “medicine” is taken daily, a glass 30–40 minutes before meals.
- Before drinking, the water should be slightly warmed and drunk warm.
- The first dose is required on an empty stomach before breakfast. In this case, the volume drunk is usually larger (200 - 300 ml) than before lunch (100 - 150 ml). Before dinner - standard 200 - 250 ml.
Mineralized water must be stored at room temperature, in a tightly sealed container. Its storage location should not be exposed to direct sunlight.
In addition to the already mentioned mineral waters, recently doctors are increasingly paying attention to mineralized drinks infused with a mineral such as shungite. Shungite is a natural mineral rich in silicon, manganese, magnesium oxide, potassium salts, aluminum, manganese and many other chemical elements and compounds so necessary for the normal functioning of the human body.
This product has unique properties:
- Inhibits the growth and reproduction of pathogenic flora.
- Improves metabolism and metabolic processes in the human body.
- Adsorbs toxins and other substances harmful to humans.
- Improves their removal from the patient's body.
Indications for taking shungite water include gout and urolithiasis, as well as a fairly extensive list of other diseases.
Alkaline, sulfate-bicarbonate, bicarbonate-sodium and calcium-sodium mineral water for gout is one of the elements of any treatment protocol for the disease in question. But which of the listed drinks is more suitable for a given clinical picture, only a qualified specialist can decide.
Dear readers, we have all known for a long time that mineral water is good for health. Since ancient times, all influential people have always improved their health with the help of mineral waters. And in Soviet times, every person who cared about their health necessarily went to sanatoriums to improve their health.
The retail chain now sells a huge selection of mineral water, of various types and names. When we go to the supermarket, we don’t hesitate to grab a bottle of mineral water to quench our thirst. Did you know that mineral water also has its own indications and contraindications? Mineral water has a different composition, and therefore you should not drink it recklessly. Why? Now we'll find out.
Of course, it’s understandable - such water contains various salts, microelements, as well as some biologically active components. Mineral water contains these substances in the form of ions, undissociated molecules, gases, and colloidal particles.
Real mineral water is extracted from aquifers protected from anthropogenic influence, preserving its natural chemical composition. This is water extracted or brought to the surface from the bowels of the earth. If such underground mineral water has increased mineralization of biologically active components, then it is considered therapeutic and prophylactic and can be used to treat certain diseases.
Real mineral water should be clear or slightly yellowish to greenish in color and have a taste and smell characteristic of the minerals it contains.
Mineral water – composition of mineral water
Depending on the composition of the water and the salts dissolved in it, mineral water can be divided into the following groups.
Canteen, if the mineralization (the amount of salts included in its composition) is less than 1 g per 1 liter and the content of biologically active components is below the established standards. This water can be used daily without restrictions or harm to the health of everyone.
Medicinal table water contains mineralization from 1 to 10 g per 1 liter and an excess of biologically active components above established standards. This water can be used for the prevention and treatment of certain diseases, and it can also be consumed by healthy people, but for a short time or irregularly.
Medicinal mineral water has a mineralization of more than 10 g per 1 liter and the concentration of biologically active components is greater than the established norm. This mineral water can be used both for the prevention and treatment of certain diseases. Medicinal water has a neutral or alkaline environment (pH 6.8-8.5). When it enters the stomach and then the intestines, water changes their own environment and activates the release of digestive enzymes.
Depending on the content of predominant salts in the water, the following groups of mineral waters are distinguished.
- Hydrocarbonate
- Sulfate
- Chloride
- Magnesium
- Ferrous
- Mixed
When buying mineral water in a store or pharmacy, always read the label and the composition of salts in the water so as not to harm your health.
The benefits of mineral water
So who benefits from mineral water? Depending on the composition of the salts, mineral water has certain indications for use. Reckless use, on the contrary, can harm your health.
Hydrocarbonate mineral water
Bicarbonate mineral water is useful for those who play sports, as it has a beneficial effect on increased muscle work, restoring the pH of the blood and preventing the accumulation of lactic acid in the muscles. That is, this water must be drunk during fitness or bodybuilding.
A contraindication to the use of this water is gastritis, since when it is consumed, carbon dioxide is released, which stimulates the production of gastric juice. But if you drink 1.5 - 2 hours before meals, then this water will help neutralize excess gastric juice.
Sulphate mineral water
This mineral water has a choleretic and laxative effect. It is indicated for people who have liver disease, gallstone disease, diabetes and obesity.
This water is contraindicated for children and adolescents, since sulfates bind in the intestines into insoluble salts, thereby preventing the growth of bones in a growing body.
Magnesium mineral water
Magnesium mineral water has a calming effect; it is often prescribed for increased nervous excitability and stressful situations. This water helps especially well if you use mineral baths.
A contraindication to the use of such water is a tendency to upset the stomach.
Chloride mineral water
It has a choleretic effect, therefore it is indicated for use to normalize the functioning of the intestines, liver and bile ducts.
Mixed mineral waters
In nature, you rarely find water with just one salt. Most often, mineral water is of a mixed type.
Thus, bicarbonate-calcium-magnesium mineral water regulates metabolism well, and bicarbonate-chloride-sodium waters (salt-alkaline) are used for diseases of the gastrointestinal tract and metabolic disorders, calcium chloride water reduces the permeability of the walls of blood vessels and has a hemostatic effect. action, has a beneficial effect on the nervous system.
How to drink mineral water correctly
Depending on the disease, mineral water is recommended to be taken before, during or after meals. In most cases, especially for diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, it is recommended to use water on an empty stomach, before meals. But for diarrhea, on the contrary, it is not recommended to drink on an empty stomach.
If intestinal motility is impaired, water should be drunk 2-2.5 hours before meals, with high acidity - 1 - 1.5 hours before meals, with heartburn and stomach pain, drink after meals every 15 - 20 minutes to improve appetite and activate the activity of the digestive glands, drink water 15-20 minutes before meals. If increased secretion is observed, then mineral water should be drunk during meals.
The duration of drinking mineral water should not exceed 1 – 1.5 months. Doctors recommend drinking mineral water in combination with therapeutic nutrition.
The temperature of the received water is also of great importance. For gastritis, it is recommended to drink warm mineral water (slightly warmer than room temperature); for peptic ulcers, high acidity, liver and biliary tract diseases, you need to drink hot mineral water (50ºC).
Drinking mineral water for medicinal purposes is not compatible with drinking alcohol, even beer. You should not abuse smoking, as smoking acts opposite to the effect of medicinal water.
Mineral water is harmful
I have already noted that one should not consider mineral water that was created artificially by dissolving minerals in ordinary water, bringing their concentration in dissolved form to the level in real natural mineral water. This mineral water is not alive, although it meets the requirements of GOST and TU. And such water is unlikely to bring any benefit, just as it can cause harm. But in this case it cannot be called useful.
You should not drink mineral water if there are exacerbations of inflammatory diseases of the gastrointestinal tract with existing pain, bleeding and vomiting.
To learn how to choose the right mineral water when purchasing, watch the video.
Mineral water not only helps in the treatment and prevention of diseases. It is used in cooking and for cosmetic purposes. But we'll talk about this next time.
Be healthy! Taisiya Filippova was with you.
Today, treatment with mineral water is widespread. The strength of the effect depends on the water itself and the minerals dissolved in it.
| Hydrocarbonate waters | Recommended for diseases | |
| "Borjomi", "Dilijan", "Polyana Kvasova", "Luzhanskaya No. 1" | Neutralizes excess acid in the body | Diabetes mellitus, duodenal ulcer, stomach ulcer, urolithiasis |
| Chloride waters | ||
| "Vyarskaya No. 2", "Minskaya", "Mirgorodskaya", "Tyumenskaya" | Strengthens the secretion of the digestive organs | Low acidity, diseases of the liver, gall bladder, pancreas |
| Sulphate waters | ||
| "Batalinskaya", "Lysogorskaya" | Removes toxins from the body, normalizes the exchange of bilirubin and cholesterol | Constipation, gallbladder and liver diseases, diabetes mellitus, obesity, atherosclerosis |
| "Essentuki" No. 4, No. 17 | Contains chlorine and bicarbonate ions. Affects metabolic processes | Increased acidity of gastric juice, |
| "Narzan" | Contains salts of magnesium sulfate and calcium bicarbonate, enhances intestinal motility, secretory activity of the digestive glands, increases the amount of urine, promotes the dissolution of phosphates | Increased acidity, liver and gallbladder diseases, urinary tract diseases |
| Iron-containing waters | ||
| "Polyustrovskaya", "Darasun" |
Increases hemoglobin and gastric acidity, increases the number of red blood cells. |
Anemia, blood loss, general loss of strength, postoperative period |
| Iodine-containing waters | ||
| "Semigorskaya", "Tyumenskaya" | Participates in metabolic processes | Hyperthyroidism, atherosclerosis |
| Bromine-containing waters | ||
| "Lugela", "Nizhne-Segrievskaya" | Calms the nervous system, relieves abdominal pain | |
| "Berezovskaya", "Naftusya" | Contain various organic substances | Gallstone disease, kidney stones |
| Sulfate-calcium-magnesium water | ||
| "Moskovskaya" |
It is characterized by low mineralization and belongs to the type of sulfate-calcium-magnesium waters. The chemical composition is similar to Essentuki water No. 20 |
Chronic gastritis, heartburn, belching, feeling of heaviness in the stomach, liver and biliary tract diseases |
| Hydrocarbonate-sulfate-sodium-calcium water | ||
| "Smirnovskaya" | Carbon dioxide bicarbonate-sulfate-sodium-calcium water |
Increased acidity, liver disease, biliary tract |
| Carbonate hydrocarbonate-sodium-magnesium water | ||
| "Martin" | High content of free carbon dioxide | Diabetes mellitus, gastric and duodenal ulcers, urolithiasis |
| Bitter mineral water | ||
| "Batalinskaya" | Content of magnesium sulfate and sodium sulfate | Constipation, hemorrhoids, obesity |
| Sodium chloride-calcium water | ||
| "White Hill" | Content of calcium chloride, bromine | Various diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, gout |
Therapeutic tubage
Therapeutic tubage is a procedure that enhances the formation and secretion of bile. You need to lie on your right side, bend your knees and slowly drink 2 glasses of warm mineral water, for example, Lysogorskaya, Batalinskaya, Narzan, for half an hour. Then place a warm heating pad on the right side of the upper abdomen on the liver area. Lie down for 1.5 hours. It is recommended to do this procedure once a week for 3 months for cholecystitis, hepatitis, pancreatitis, and intestinal diseases. Tubage is contraindicated in case of cholelithiasis.
Important! Before use, it is better to heat the water to 40 degrees. You should drink mineral waters for medicinal purposes 3 times a day, from 3/4 cup to 1.5 cups per dose (total no more than a liter per day):
- with normal acidity - 30 minutes before meals;
- with low acidity and a tendency to constipation - immediately before meals;
- for high acidity - 1.5 hours before or after meals.
They differ from fresh tap water in their increased content of minerals, slightly elevated temperature, presence of gases, and unique smell and taste. Mineral waters are used for many diseases, but mainly for gastrointestinal ones.
They are divided into medicinal mineral waters and table mineral waters. Medicinal mineral waters differ from table waters in having less mineralization. The doctor recommends certain medicinal mineral waters for each individual diet plan. This combination is more effective in treating patients. Mineral waters containing sulfate anion, sodium and magnesium cations and other elements - sulfate mineral waters, when entering the stomach, are not absorbed. Their sulfate anion promotes the formation of hydrogen sulfide. They have a laxative effect, reduce peristalsis and the content of toxic substances in the intestines and flatulence. Long-term consumption of sulfate mineral waters (Izhevskaya, Batalinskaya bitter water, Moscow mineral water, Essentuki No. 17, Druskininkai and many others) reduces the absorption of nutrients, which promotes weight loss, which has a beneficial effect on people prone to obesity. Sulfate mineral waters are indicated for metabolic disorders (mostly fatty) and prolonged constipation.
The therapeutic effect of carbon dioxide mineral waters is ensured by carbon dioxide dissolved in them in large quantities, ionic composition and general mineralization.
Resorts with carbonated mineral waters
- Arzni 1;
- Darasun;
- Kislovodsk;
- Borjomi (source 1);
- Essentuki No. 4 and No. 17;
- Zheleznovodsk;
- Smirnovsk;
- Slavyanovsk.
Alkaline mineral water – hydrocarbonate mineral water
Alkaline mineral water, helping to dilute and neutralize gastric contents, has various effects on the human body:
- changes the acidic environment of the stomach;
- enhances its evacuation function;
- accelerates the evacuation function of the small and large intestines;
- in combination with diet reduces inflammatory processes in
stomach and intestines; - enhances the secretion of gastric juice;
- changes the environment in the intestinal lumen;
- favors the development and functioning of the intestinal tract
microflora; - improves biochemical processes in the intestines;
- regulates the formation and content of organic acids and
ammonia in the intestines; - has a choleretic effect;
- stimulates the secretory function of the pancreas;
- increases metabolism;
- has a beneficial effect on carbohydrate, pigment and especially
cholesterol metabolism; - contributes to a better condition of patients during gastric lavage,
intestines, biliary tract.
Alkaline mineral water is indicated for diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, liver, biliary tract and urinary system. Regular drinking of mineral water 15-20 minutes before a meal stimulates gastric secretion, and 1-1.5 hours before a meal inhibits it.
For gastric ulcers and chronic gastritis with high acidity, sodium bicarbonate waters can be recommended (they are called alkaline).
List of alkaline mineral waters
- Borjomi;
- Dilijan;
- Sairme;
- Slavyanovskaya;
- Smirnovskaya;
- Jermuk;
- Kislovodsk Narzan.
Of these, hydrocarbonate sulfate waters
- Slavyanovskaya;
- Smirnovskaya;
- Jermuk;
- Kislovodsk Narzan.
When treated with mineral water, complaints of heartburn and belching are reduced and sometimes completely eliminated, and heaviness in the stomach disappears.
epigastric region. For some patients, mineral water eliminates the need to use medications: Almagel and Vicalin. Patients suffering from gastric ulcers, chronic gastritis with high acidity, should begin taking alkaline mineral waters with small doses (50 - 100 ml) and always warm (38 - 40 ° C. If well tolerated on the 4-5th day treatment with mineral water, its dose is increased to 1 glass per dose (250 ml). When prescribing a drinking regimen for such patients, the doctor must take into account the individual characteristics of gastric secretion, as well as the tolerance of mineral water. In the home dietary regimen, the doctor adheres to the traditional principle, that is, he recommends a single dose. mineral water 1 hour before meals. If the patient has hunger pains and heartburn, then in order to eliminate them, alkaline mineral water can be taken at a conditional time (during the hours of heartburn and pain), that is, about 1 hour after eating or several. Later.
Alkaline mineral waters eliminate inflammation and pain in stomach patients, which is also of great importance in the treatment of these diseases. Waters of medium mineralization (5-15 g/l), according to their ionic composition, are classified as chloride, hydrocarbonate chloride and sulfate chloride, are recommended for patients with chronic gastritis with low acidity of gastric juice. Waters of medium mineralization include Essentuki No. 4 and No. 17, Arzni, Izhevskaya, Druskininkai, Vytautas, Mirgorodskaya, Nizhneserginskaya, Kuyalnik 4, Berezovskaya. These waters are dosed using a gradual increase method, a single dose is brought to 1-1.5 glasses, drunk warm (18-24°C), taken 3 times a day 15-30 minutes before meals.
In the presence of intestinal diseases (colitis, enteritis, intestinal dyskinesia), manifested bowel disorder(diarrhea), mineral waters of low and medium mineralization, hydrocarbonate or hydrocarbonate sulfate mineral waters are prescribed: Slavyanovskaya, Smirnovskaya, Jermuk, Borjomi, Sairme, etc. These waters are drunk heated to 40-45 ° C, 1/2-1 glass per 30-50 minutes before meals 3 times a day. They reduce intestinal motility and, accordingly,
eliminate pain and stool disorders. If patients with intestinal disease suffer from pores due to decreased peristalsis, then they are prescribed waters of medium and high mineralization (15-20 g/l), chloride and chloride-sulfate mineral waters:
- Izhevskaya;
- Novoizhevskaya;
- Essentuki No. 17;
- Druskininkai;
- Vytautas;
- Semigorskaya.
Chloride-sulfate mineral waters: take 1 glass 3 times a day 30 minutes or 1 hour before meals. Water
should be at room temperature (18-24°C). For atonic constipation (when intestinal motility is sharply reduced), Batalinskaya or Lysogorskaya mineral waters are prescribed, 1/2 glass on an empty stomach or at night, at room temperature.
Patients suffering from diseases liver and gallbladder, it is advisable to take hydrocarbonate, hydrocarbonate chloride or hydrocarbonate sulfate waters of low or medium mineralization: Borjomi, Essentuki No. 4 and No. 17, Arzni, Jermuk, Slavyanovskaya, Smirnovskaya, etc. These waters are drunk heated to 36-42 ° C, 1/2- 1 glass 1 hour before meals 3 times a day.
Mineral water increases the protective function of the liver, reduces congestion and inflammation in the gallbladder, which is very important for cholecystitis!
At diabetes mellitus Drinking mineral waters has a beneficial effect on carbohydrate metabolism and existing concomitant diseases, mainly of the digestive system. Hydrocarbonate, hydrocarbonate sulfate, hydrocarbonate chloride waters are recommended: Borjomi, Jermuk, Dilijan, Polyana Kvasova, Berezovskaya, Slavyanovskaya, Smirnovskaya, Essentuki No. 4 and No. 17. The water temperature should be 25 – 30°C. Drink it 1 glass 3 times a day 40 minutes or 1 hour before meals.
Sick for gout hydrocarbonate and hydrocarbonate sulfate waters of low mineralization are prescribed:
Borjomi, Dilijan, Jermuk, Slavyanovskaya, Smirnovskaya. Water is taken heated and up to 36-42°C 3 times a day 40 minutes or 1 hour before meals, 1-1.5 glasses per dose in the absence of contraindications, which are diseases of the cardiovascular system, limiting fluid intake, hypertension ...
The listed mineral waters improve the removal of excess uric acid from the body, alkalizing the internal environments (tissues, liquids) of the body, which has a beneficial effect on the condition of the patient with gout. Consequently, the positive effect of mineral waters depends on their correct individual selection for each patient and the mode of their use. Many mineral waters that have a pleasant taste and therefore quench thirst (Borjomi, Narzan) are widely used as drinking waters. You need to know that if a person suffers from a chronic disease of the digestive, cardiovascular and other systems, as well as metabolic disorders, it is under no circumstances possible to take mineral waters uncontrolled and for a long time. Always consult a doctor.
When drinking mineral water, be sure to reduce the amount of tea, compote and other liquids accordingly to avoid overloading the cardiovascular system.
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