Poem “Winter Morning” - analysis. “Winter morning”, analysis of the poem by Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin Winter morning analysis

Poem “Winter Morning” by A.S. Pushkin was written by him during one of the most fruitful creative periods - during his exile in Mikhailovskoye. But on the day when this poetic work was born, the poet was not on his estate - he was visiting friends, the Wulf family, in the Tver province. When starting to read the poem “Winter Morning” by Pushkin, it is worth remembering that it was written in one day, and not a single edit was made to the text. One can only marvel at the talent of the creator, who was able to so quickly embody his own mood, the beauty of Russian nature, and reflections on life in magnificent landscape lyrics. This work is rightfully one of the most famous in Pushkin’s work.

The poem “Winter Morning” clearly shows several important themes. The main and most obvious is the theme of love. In each line one can feel the poet’s tenderness addressed to his beloved, one can feel his reverent attitude towards her, the inspiration that gives him the feeling. His beloved is a lovely child of nature, and this is sweet to him and causes deep heartfelt feelings. Another topic is reflections on the birth of a new day, which erases all previous sorrows and makes the world more beautiful and more fun. Despite the fact that the evening was sad, today the sun illuminates everything around, and its light gives the most important thing - hope. In addition, Alexander Sergeevich uses the landscape not just as an artistic device to personify his own thoughts and not only as a symbol of a new beginning - the beautiful Russian nature is also the theme of his poem, which can be downloaded to slowly enjoy each line. And finally, the general idea of ​​the entire work is the unity of man and nature in the general philosophical sense.

The general mood that can be felt in the text of Pushkin’s poem “Winter Morning,” which can be read online for free to feel the joy of life, is optimistic, because it tells that any storm is not eternal, and after it, when a bright streak comes, life is still more wonderful. Even the stanzas that talk about evening sadness seem to be full of joyful anticipation of the morning. And when it comes, the joy becomes complete, because everything around, every snowflake illuminated by the winter sun, is so beautiful! This is a cheerful and cheerful work - it seems that the poet forgot both about exile and loneliness, admiring his sleeping beloved and native nature. Reading this poem fills the soul with positive emotions, reminds us of how beautiful the world is and how important it is to love our native nature.

Frost and sun; wonderful day!
You are still dozing, dear friend -
It's time, beauty, wake up:
Open your closed eyes
Towards northern Aurora,
Be the star of the north!

In the evening, do you remember, the blizzard was angry,
There was darkness in the cloudy sky;
The moon is like a pale spot
Through the dark clouds it turned yellow,
And you sat sad -
And now... look out the window:

Under blue skies
Magnificent carpets,
Glistening in the sun, the snow lies;
The transparent forest alone turns black,
And the spruce turns green through the frost,
And the river glitters under the ice.

The whole room has an amber shine
Illuminated. Cheerful crackling
The flooded stove crackles.
It's nice to think by the bed.
But you know: shouldn’t I tell you to get into the sleigh?
Ban the brown filly?

Sliding on the morning snow,
Dear friend, let's indulge in running
impatient horse
And we'll visit the empty fields,
The forests, recently so dense,
And the shore, dear to me.

On November 3, 1829, a poem came out from the master’s pen, which would later be called “Winter Morning.” It became a kind of calling card of the poet’s landscape lyrics and received many positive responses from readers and literary critics.

The history of its creation concerns the period when Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin was in Mikhailovsky due to exile for his creativity and civic activities. Despite the fact that the year of writing turned out to be anxious and depressing for the author, he was able to find a share of inspiration, which prompted him to create many world-famous poetic lines.

A brief analysis of the poem will help you become more familiar with the work of the great Russian poet, finding the main features of the ideological content and versification of the presented text.

The work was written in the style of classical Russian romanticism, which was characteristic of the work of Alexander Sergeevich. The author also chose the usual meter for the verse - iambic tetrameter. This makes the text melodic and easy to read. This effect is enhanced by mixed rhyme. The female rhyme (first and second, fourth and fifth lines) is diluted by the male rhyme (third and sixth lines). One sentence flows smoothly into another, creating a flexible text outline.

The leading theme is revealed by Pushkin immediately in the very first sentence: “Frost and sun; wonderful day!” The beauty of nature is brought to the fore, and the winter morning becomes a symbolic leitmotif that permeates all five stanzas of the poem. In this way, the relationship between a person and the world around him is revealed. The idea of ​​spiritual closeness with nature was relevant for the writer throughout his entire creative career.

When analyzing the poetics of a work, it is important to pay attention to the means of expression. A huge number of epithets can be traced, both positive (“charming friend”, “magnificent carpets”, “transparent forest”) and negative (“dark clouds”, “empty fields”). Positive paths in the text are more common, which allows you to fill the work with additional optimism and joyful emotions.

The genre of landscape lyricism is characterized by the fact that in poetry natural phenomena come to life and are likened to humans. To do this, A.S. Pushkin uses personification (“the blizzard was angry,” “the darkness was rushing in the cloudy sky”) and metaphorical phrases (“the moon turned yellow,” “the forest turned black,” “the room was illuminated with brilliance”). Comparisons (“the moon is like a pale spot”) help to fully understand and experience what is described.

The poem is written in the form of an appeal. This is evidenced by the presence of rhetorical appeals: “You are still dozing, lovely friend...”, “It’s time, beauty, wake up...”.

An analysis of the verse “Winter Morning” will not be complete without mentioning the phonetic coloring of the text. The first stanza is full of sounds “s” and “z”.

It's time, beauty, wake up:

Open your closed eyes

Towards northern Aurora,

Be the star of the north!

They are a symbol of winter morning. While the second stanza fills the perception with frosty, icy images using the sounds “l” and “m”.

In the evening, do you remember, the blizzard was angry,

There was darkness in the cloudy sky;

The moon is like a pale spot

Through the gloomy clouds it turned yellow...

Pushkin's creation is based on constant contrasts - one image is sharply replaced by another, even more symbolic. The smooth and calm narrative turns into violent exclamations. The technique used creates an additional emotional coloring of poetry.

(Illustration: Sona Adalyan)

Analysis of the poem "Winter Morning"

A.S. Pushkin felt nature very subtly and devoted many poems to this topic in his work. His descriptions are deeply personal and talented. The poem “Winter Morning” is a vivid example of Pushkin’s special delight and admiration for the momentary moment in nature.

In this poem, the poet perceives a beautiful winter morning as the beginning of something new, unknown. It’s interesting how subtly the author feels the brevity of a moment, because a winter day is so short. And in this fleeting moment, A.S.’s perception is especially touching. Pushkin of all the splendor of nature.

The poem begins with a memory of a blizzard night when the elements were raging and the moon looked gloomy through the clouds. The author finds unique nuances, we clearly see this harsh picture. Everything is alarming, uncomfortable, the word “angry” enhances the effect, because the heroine was “sad” at those moments. A lot of emotions and impressions are conveyed in a few words.

And suddenly a real fairy tale opens before our eyes: the snow is shining, the river under the ice is charming, and the spruce is covered with frost. The poet calls upon him to rejoice at the miracle he has seen. He very vividly conveys his emotions, from which you light up with the same all-encompassing rapture and are enchanted by the secret world of nature.

The image of the sun enhances the impression; it is not summer, it does not warm, but it enlivens everything around. The sun leaves hope for wonderful things to happen at any time of the year, even in such cold weather. The poet endlessly rejoices at fabulous changes, they bring hope for happy events, and this is the deep philosophical thought of A.S. Pushkin. You need to be able to quickly forget adversity and open up to a wonderful day.

The opening landscape is so alive and lyrical that nothing can overshadow it, not even a blackening forest, as a reminder that not everything is so rosy in life. But the poet emphasizes that the forest is “one”, and everything else around is worthy of admiration.

The reader is immersed in a shining world of winter splendor. This special world is rich in colors and fabulous views. Everything seen and subtly noticed by the poet is conveyed to the reader and charges him with extraordinary energy.

Pushkin smoothly moves on to a person’s worldview, his thoughts at this moment of enjoying what he saw. Nature cannot leave anyone indifferent, it gives an endless fireworks of emotions, and it is impossible not to come into contact with it live. Of course, you want to ride on horseback to where nature rejoices and the “sweet shore” awaits.

Among all the works of the great Russian poet, those in which he describes natural scenes play a special role. It is known that from a very early age, Alexander Sergeevich was characterized by a love for his native nature. Over time, it only intensified, and was reflected in numerous works of the poet, for example, in “Eugene Onegin”. “Winter Morning” is one of the brightest poems by A. S. Pushkin. It was written in 1829, at the very beginning of his literary activity.

History of creation

In analyzing the poem “Winter Morning,” a student may mention that it was not written during the best period of the poet’s life. At that time, A.S. Pushkin was in exile in Mikhailovskoye. However, these years were full not only of a feeling of loneliness, but also of happy feelings associated with sincere friendship and love, and a surge of creative inspiration. The poem came as a pleasant surprise to the friends of the great poet and critics. “Winter Morning” was written by Pushkin very quickly, in one day. The work can be called one of the poet’s most successful poems in the genre of landscape lyricism.

Structure

The poem “Winter Morning” is one of the most popular poetic works of the great Russian poet. You can start analyzing the poem “Winter Morning” with a description of its first line. The poem begins with an exclamation of complete admiration: “Frost and sun; wonderful day!” And after this, the lyrical hero immediately uses pleasant and warm words to address his beloved: “beauty,” “lovely friend.” The vocabulary well conveys the mood of the narrator, and therefore the poem can rightfully be called lyrical. Bright, inspired images of the morning are closely intertwined with the theme of love. The natural picture can be compared with the feelings of a lyrical hero in love.

In the analysis of the poem “Winter Morning,” the student can also tell that according to its structure, it is divided into five stanzas. Each of them is a six-line poem. At the beginning of the work, the poet conveys his delight in the Russian winter and gently calls on his beloved to wake up. In the second stanza, the mood changes - the lyrical hero recalls the gloomy yesterday, which was full of the indignation of the natural elements, the violence of bad weather. In the lyrical analysis of the poem “Winter Morning”, it can be mentioned that such a contrast gives even more admiration for the beauty of nature the next morning. After the beauty of the winter landscape has been described, the reader returns to the warm room and hears the crackling of logs in the stove.

Basic information about the poem

In his poem, the great Russian poet describes the beauty of his native nature, the winter morning that replaced the winter night. This is the theme of the work, which needs to be mentioned in the analysis of the poem “Winter Morning”. The idea is that the poet wants to show the extraordinary charm of winter landscapes, to express his love and admiration for his homeland and its nature. As for meter, the poet used iambic tetrameter to create his work. The rhyme in the poem is mixed. The lyrical plot in the work is poorly expressed. It is based on the narrator’s contemplation of the beauties of nature, which became the impetus for him to take action. The work belongs to the genre of landscape poetry and belongs to the literary movement called romanticism.

Analysis of the poem “Winter Morning” according to plan

Sometimes you need not just to write an essay, but to prepare a structured analysis of the work. An approximate plan according to which the student will analyze the work could be as follows:

• The history of the creation of the poem.
• Topic and main idea.
• Composition.
• How does the poet imagine the lyrical hero.
• Artistic media.
• Size, rhyme.
• My opinion about the poem “Winter Morning”.

This is an approximate algorithm for analyzing the poem “Winter Morning” by Pushkin according to plan. The student can add his own points to it.

Language means of expression

In the poem you can find many positively colored epithets. These are the expressions “transparent forest”, “amber shine”, “dear friend” and many others. There are also epithets with a negative emotional connotation: “cloudy sky”, “dark clouds”, “empty fields”. The poet also uses the device of metaphor: “the moon turned yellow.” The reader encounters a personification: “The blizzard was angry.” Comparison in the poem: “The moon is like a pale spot...”.

Syntactic means

At the beginning of the poem, the reader discovers declarative sentences. It is with their help that the poet expresses the calm intonation of his work. But gradually the voice of the lyrical hero becomes more and more restless and agitated. Despite the fact that there are practically no exclamatory sentences in the poem, the external calm of the narrator hides the depth of his emotional experiences. There is also an interrogative sentence in the poem - this is a rhetorical question.

Phonetics of the work

The great Russian poet also uses the technique of alliteration, which is also worth mentioning to a schoolchild when analyzing Pushkin’s poem “Winter Morning.” This is manifested in the pumping of hissing w, h, w, z. Voiced consonants are also used - b, v, p, l, n. The technique of assonance is also used in the poem - the vowel sounds a, o, i, e are intensified. Using these sound means, the poet strives to convey the clatter of a horse, the creaking of snow in the cold, the clinking of ice.

Lexical features of the first two stanzas

In the first stanza, it is worth paying attention to the 4th and 6th lines. In them the reader can see two examples of the use of outdated grammar. By analyzing Pushkin’s poem “Winter Morning,” we can talk about these features. Firstly, this is the phrase “open... your eyes.” Nowadays the last word is used completely differently. The gaze can be lowered, averted, or fixed, but not opened in any way. The fact is that in the poem it has an outdated meaning - “eyes”. And it is in this sense that it is used in many poems by poets of the first half of the 19th century.

Also of interest is another word - “closed”. It is a truncated participle - its use represents one of the most beloved liberties of many poets of that time.

The line below also contains interesting facts that require additional explanation. Firstly, the poet mentions the word "Aurora". It is written with a capital letter, but here it is not a proper name, but a common noun. A. S. Pushkin uses the name of the goddess of dawn to designate the dawn itself. On the other hand, according to the rules of the Russian language, it must be in the dative case: “Towards northern Aurora.” However, there is no typo or error here - it is an obsolete form. Once upon a time, the preposition towards, according to the rules of grammar, required the genitive case, and for Alexander Sergeevich and his contemporaries this was the norm.

It is also worth mentioning that the phrase “star of the north” is not used here in its direct meaning - “heavenly body,” which means “the most beautiful and worthy lady in St. Petersburg.” In the second stanza the words “evening” and “mist” are mentioned. The first means "yesterday evening." The word "mist" in its usual meaning means darkness or gloom. A.S. Pushkin uses this word to refer to snow, which hides everything around in its fog, like a veil.

Third and fourth stanzas

The winter landscape is described here. And the picture that the poet describes is largely created with the help of descriptions of flowers: “under blue skies,” “the forest alone turns black.” There are no outdated forms in the third stanza of the poem; it does not need additional explanation. In the last stanza there is an unusual word form “zaprochat” instead of the usual “harness”. This is poetic license, which is allowed by the poet for rhyming, which can also be mentioned when analyzing Pushkin’s poem “Winter Morning”. It is unlikely that a diligent student will be able to briefly describe all outdated grammatical means, therefore, if you need to provide a concise analysis, you can mention one or two.

The last two stanzas are connected by the word “shine,” with the help of which the reader imagines even more clearly both the natural landscape and the comfort of a warm room. If in the third stanza the shine is winter, then in the last it is warm, amber. Pushkin also uses tautology, but in this case it is completely justified. When the reader hears the expression “crackling,” it is as if the reader is hearing the sound of a flooded furnace.

So, we looked at a brief analysis of the poem “Winter Morning”. The poet's feeling of joy increases towards the end of the work. He increasingly wants to visit the “fields”, “forests” and “shore”. The latter should not be understood literally as a river bank - rather, the poet wanted to talk about those places that are close and dear to him.

Composition.

“Analysis of the poem “Winter Morning””

Pushkin's poetry is surprisingly true to Russian

reality, does she portray a Russian

nature or Russian character...

V.G. Belinsky.

Among Pushkin's poems, an important role is played by those in which the poet lovingly paints pictures of his native nature. The incomparable painter perceived her with the heart of an ardent patriot. Since childhood, love for his native nature has firmly entered his soul. It grew stronger and was reflected in poems, poems and the novel “Eugene Onegin”.

In Pushkin’s lyrics, a prominent place belongs to the poem “Winter Morning,” written on December 3, one thousand eight hundred and twenty-nine in the village of Pavlovskoye. It is imbued with a sunny mood and accurately conveys the feelings that overwhelmed the author.

There are two heroes in the work: the so-called lyrical hero, and the beauty to whom the poem itself, which is the monologue of the lyrical hero, is dedicated. It is this beauty that the author calls “adorable friend” and “dear friend.”

The poem begins with the exclamation “Frost and sun; It’s a wonderful day!” and immediately evokes a feeling of joy in the reader. “Open your closed eyes to tenderness” - this is how in the first stanza the author addresses the beauty, using a metaphor.

To enhance artistic expressiveness, the author resorts to antithesis. The contrasting description of “today” and “evening” occupies the main place in the poem. The splendor of a winter morning is felt even more acutely in comparison with yesterday's storm, which is described just as accurately.

The most poetic landscape is in the second stanza; it is full of comparisons and personifications, although it evokes the heroine’s sadness. He describes only the sky:

“...the blizzard was angry,

There was darkness in the cloudy sky;

The moon is like a pale spot

Through the dark clouds it turned yellow,

And you sat sadly -

And now look out the window!”

The third stanza is a winter landscape. The picture created by the poet is saturated with color: it is blue (“under blue skies”), and black (“the transparent forest alone turns black”), and green (“the spruce turns green through the frost”). Everything sparkles, shines; in the stanza the cognate words “brilliant” and “glitters” are repeated twice.

The third and fourth stanzas are connected with the word “shine”: “The whole room is illuminated with an amber shine.” Only the shine is no longer winter, but warm, amber. The author smoothly moves from admiring the beauty of nature to describing the furnishings of the room in which he is located. He uses alliteration, so the tautology “crackling” is justified, and thanks to it we hear the crackling sound of a flooded furnace.

The poet’s feeling of joy grows and requires movement; he wants to visit the “empty fields.” The strongest attachment that the author admits in this poem is “the shore, dear to me.” This epithet, most likely, should be understood as native, dear places to the heart. In my opinion, the main magnet of the work lies in the last line. After all, the entire poem is a monologue of a man persuading his “dear friend” to wake up in order to immediately go to the shore, dear to the poet.

There is harmony in life and that is why it is beautiful. You immediately understand this when reading the poem “Winter Morning”. The day is wonderful thanks to the harmonious existence of frost and solar warmth. It is impossible to fully enjoy a joyful sunny morning if you have never had a gloomy evening in your life.