English Speaking Countries, устная тема по английскому языку с переводом. Топик

“ENGLISH-SPEAKING COUNTRIES”

Proverbs and sayings

“ENGLISH-SPEAKING COUNTRIES ”

English is spoken in many countries of the world. Do you know in what countries English is the national language?

First of all you will remember Great Britain, the homeland of the English language.

Great Britain is not a large country. It is much smaller than France or Norway and smaller than Finland. It has four parts: England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland. England is the largest part of the country and it has always been the strongest.

English is the national in all parts of Britain.

In the United States of America the national language is also English. Four hundred years ago some English people sailed to North America to live there, and they brought the English language to this new country.

Millions of people driven by poverty immigrated to the United States from different countries of Europe. They brought their own languages and cultures. That’s why American English differs from British English. American people say and write some English words differently from how people do in England. So America is called a “melting pot” because it has become a complex of many Old-World cultures and languages.

Canada is to the North of the United States. It is a very large country. In Canada many people speak English because they also came from England many years ago. But in some parts of Canada they speak French. The people who live in these parts came to Canada from France.

If you look at the map of the world you will see that Australia is the fifth continent. It is the smallest continent and the largest island on the map.

Australia is also an English-speaking country.

New Zealand is not far from Australia but it is very far from Britain. The national language in New Zealand is also English. Many people from England, Wales, Scotland and Ireland came to live in Australia and New Zealand many years ago.

ACTIVE VOCABULARY

	сказать (to sb – кому-л.)
	сказать (кому-л.); рассказывать
to speak	говорить, разговаривать
to talk	говорить, разговаривать
to chat	непринужденно беседовать; болтать
to gossip [’gɒsip]	сплетничать
to discuss	обсуждать
to talk over [‘tɔ:k ’əʋvər]	подробно обсуждать
to quote	цитировать
to describe	описывать
to pronounce	произносить
to translate	переводить
language [’læŋgwɪdʒ]
	язык (тж. орган речи)
dialect [’daɪəlekt]
jargon [’dʒɑ:rgən]
	разговор, беседа
conversation [‚kɒnvə’seɪʃn]	разговор, беседа
	дружеский разговор, непринужденная беседа; болтовня

Answer the questions

Where was the England language born?

What are the four parts of Great Britain?

Which part of Britain is the largest?

What is the national language in Britain (the USA)?

Who brought the English language to America?

Why is America called a “melting-pot”?

Where is Canada?

What language are spoken in Canada?

Exercise 1. Choose the necessary word and put it in the sentence below. Use these words:

far from (x2), came to live, is spoken, differently, driven by poverty, national language, came from England, a “melting pot”, continent, island

English … in many countries of the world.

In the USA … … is also English.

Millions of people … immigrated to the USA from different countries of Europe.

American people say and write some English words … from how people do in England.

America is called … because it has become a complex of many Old-World cultures and languages.

In Canada many people speak English because they also … many years ago.

If you look at the map of the world you will see that Australia is the fifth… .

It is the smallest continent and the largest … on the map.

New Zealand is not … Australia but it is very … Britain.

Many people from England, Wales, Scotland and Ireland … in Australia and New Zealand many years ago.

Exercise 2. Translate the sentences from Russia into English.

Великобритания является родиной английского языка.

Англия, Уэльс, Шотландия и Северная Ирландия являются частями Британии.

Англия – самая большая часть Великобритании?

Иммигранты привнесли в США свои языки и культуры.

Почему Американский английский и Британский английский отличаются?

США находится южнее Канады.

Многие в Канаде говорят на английском, потому что приехали из Англии много лет назад.

Если вы посмотрите на карту, вы увидите, что Австралия – самый маленький континент и самый большой остров.

Австралия тоже является англоговорящей страной.

Какой язык является государственным в Новой Зеландии?

Exercise 3. Are these sentences true (T) or false (F)?

Great Britain is a large country. It is much larger than France or Norway and larger than Finland.

Australia is also an English-speaking country.

So America is called a “melting pot” because it has become a complex of many Young-World cultures and languages.

English is the national in all parts of China.

English is spoken in many countries of the world.

Exercise 4. Read and study.

WORDS AND WORD COMBINATIONS

Nationality. Origin	Национальность. Происхождение
What’s your nationality?	Какой вы национальности?
Are you a Russian?	Вы русский / русская?
I’m an (a) American (Englishman / Englishwoman, Australian, Canadian, German, Italian, Frenchman / Frenchwoman).	Я американец / американка (англичанин / англичанка, австралиец / австралийка, канадец / канадка, немец / немка, итальянец / итальянка, француз / француженка)
What country are you from?	Откуда вы родом?
What are you by origin?	Кто вы по происхождению?
I’m from France.	Я родом из Франции.
Language	Язык
Does anyone here speak English?	Тут кто-нибудь говорит по-английски?
Do you speak English?	Вы говорите по-английски?
Do you understand English?	Вы понимаете английский?
What language do you know?	Какими [иностранными] языками вы владеете?
I speak a little Spanish.	Я немного говорю по-испански.
I’m learning Russian.	Я учу русский язык.
I want to learn to speak (read, write) Russian.
Do you understand me?	Вы понимаете меня?
I do not understand you.	Я не понимаю вас.
I understand you well, but it’s hard to speak.	Я вас хорошо понимаю, но говорить мне тяжело.
I didn’t quite catch what you said.	Я не совсем понял(а), что вы сказали.
Say it again, will you?	Повторите, пожалуйста.
Could you write it down (translate it), please?	Напишите (переведите) это, пожалуйста.
He talks too fast.	Он говорит очень быстро.
Would you speak a little slower?	Вы не могли бы говорить немного помедленнее?
What’s that called in Russian?	Как это называется по-русски?
What does this word mean?	Что означает это слово?
I need an English-Russian (a Russian-English) dictionary.	Мне нужен англо-русский (русско-английский) словарь.
Will you call an interpreter, please?	Пригласите,пожалуйста, переводчика.

Exercise 5. Read, translate and dramatize the dialogue.

Dialogue 1

Jack: Hi, Jane. Let me introduce my friend, Nick. He is not from England, he is from France.

Jane: Hi, Nick. Do you speak English?

Nick: Of course, I do. I have been living in London for more than a year.

Jane: It’s great. And what about your family? Is it in France or in England?

Nick: I have a big family . There are seven of us: my parents , a grandmother, a grandfather, two sisters and a brother . They all live in Paris except my junior sister Helen. She lives with me in a hotel.

Jane: And what’s your occupation?

Nick : I am a dentist. I graduated from the college two years ago and came to London to start my career here.

Jane: What about your sister? How old is she?

Nick: She is eighteen. She is a beautiful young lady. Helen wants to become a designer.

Jane : It’s good. I am crazy about design, too.

Dialogue 2

Teacher: Good morning, children. I want to introduce you a new classmate. His name is Edward, Ed for short.

Pupil 1: Ed, how old are you?

Ed: Ok. Let me introduce myself . My name is Edward and I am twelve years old.

Pupil 2: Where are you from?

Ed: I am from Scotland.

Pupil 1: Have you got any brothers or sisters?

Ed : I have neither a brother nor a sister.

Pupil 1: Is your family large?

Ed: My family is small. There are only three of us – my parents and me.

Exercise 6. Use these phrases for making your own dialogues:

to be good at languages

pronounce these words

have been gossiping

• to have a long telephone conversation

  English-speaking countries – Англоговорящие страны

  The popularity of the English language

  There are over 300 million people in the world speaking English. English is used as an official language (along with a few others) in many international organisations, such as UN and IOC. This language is recognized as the state language in a lot of countries all over the world.

  Great Britain

  The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland consists of England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. There are 64 million people in Great Britain whose first language is English (97% of population). London, the capital of Great Britain, is one of the leading global cities. It is the political, economic and cultural centre of the country. Great Britain has always been a Great Power and contributed a lot to the development of new territories.

  The USA

  The history of the USA started with 13 British colonies set along the Atlantic coast. On July, 4, 1776 they proclaimed their independence from Great Britain. Today the country consists of 50 states and the federal District of Columbia, where Washington, the capital of the USA, is located. It is one of the most developed countries in the world, with English being the first language for about 80% of its population.

  Canada

  The first European colonists came to this country from France. But after that for many years Canada was under British rule until the country gained its independence in the XX century. There are two official languages in Canada. English is the first language for nearly 70% of Canadians. Canada is the second largest country in the world with rich oil, coal and natural gas fields.

  Australia

  Australia is the only country in the world which occupies the whole continent. The exploration of the continent began in the late XVIII century when the first British colonies were formed. Australia was a place where prisoners were serving their sentences in exile. Today the country is among the most developed countries in the world, with 80% of the population speaking Australian English.

  New Zealand

  New Zealand occupies two large islands and many small ones in the south-western part of the Pacific Ocean. First Europeans started visiting New Zealand in the late XVIII century with the territory being announced as a British colony in 1788. The country gained its independence in the middle of the XX century. New Zealand is one of the most beautiful countries in the world with unique flora and fauna. English is spoken by more than 96% of the population.

  Распространенность английского языка

  Более 300 миллионов людей во всем мире говорят на английском языке. Английский используется в качестве официального языка (наряду с несколькими другими) во многих международных организациях, таких как ООН и МОК. Этот язык признан государственным во многих странах мира.

  Великобритания

  Соединенное Королевство Великобритании и Северной Ирландии включает в себя Англию, Шотландию, Уэльс и Северную Ирландию. В Великобритании английский является родным языком для 64 миллионов человек (97% населения). Лондон, столица Великобритании, является одним из ведущих мировых городов. Это политический, экономический и культурный центр страны. Великобритания всегда была Великой державой и внесла большой вклад в освоение новых территорий.

  США

  История США начинается с 13 британских колоний, расположенных вдоль побережья Атлантического океана. 4 июля 1776 года США провозгласили независимость. Сегодня в состав страны входят 50 штатов и федеральный округ Колумбия, где находится Вашингтон – столица США. Это одна из самых развитых стран в мире, в которой английский является родным для 80% населения.

  Канада

  Первые европейские завоеватели прибыли сюда из Франции. Затем долгое время страна находилась под контролем Британии, пока не стала независимой в XX веке. В стране два государственных языка. Английский является родным для 70% канадцев. Канада занимает второе место в мире по площади и обладает богатыми месторождениями нефти, угля и природного газа.

  Австралия

  Австралия – единственная страна в мире, занимающая целый континент. Ее освоение началось в конце XVIII века с появлением первых британских колоний. Австралия была местом, куда заключенных ссылали отбывать свое наказание. Сегодня Австралия одна из самых развитых стран в мире, 80% населения которой разговаривает на австралийском варианте английского языка.

  Новая Зеландия

  Новая Зеландия занимает 2 больших острова и множество маленьких в юго-западной части Тихого океана. Первые европейцы появились в Новой Зеландии в конце XVIII века, а в 1788 году она была объявлена британской колонией. Страна получила независимость в середине XX века. Новая Зеландия – одна из красивейших стран с неповторимой флорой и фауной. На английском языке говорит около 96% населения.

  English-speaking Countries - Страны, которые говорят на английском языке

  English is the third most spoken native language worldwide, after Chinese and Hindi, with some 380 million speakers. It is the official language in 71 sovereign states and territories with the total population of 2,135 million people. Among them are the UK, the USA, Australia, New Zealand, Singapore, Canada, India, Pakistan, the Philippines, South Africa and many others. In the UK and the USA there is no law about the official language, and English is the official language there de facto. There are some countries, too, where English is the major language, that is, it is the native language of the overwhelming majority of the population; these countries include the UK, the USA, Australia, New Zealand and some others. The two most important English-speaking countries are, of course, the UK and the USA.

  And Northern Ireland is situated on the British Isles, off the northern coast of Europe. The British Isles consist of two large islands: Great Britain and Ireland, and about five thousand small islands. Their total area is about 244,000 square kilometers.

  The British Isles are separated from the Continent by the North Sea, the English Channel and the Strait of Dover. The western coast of the country is washed by the Atlantic Ocean and the Irish Sea; the eastern coast is washed by the North Sea.
  The population of the country is over 64 million people. The United Kingdom is made up of four countries: England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. Their capitals are London, Edinburgh, Cardiff and Belfast respectively. In everyday speech "Great Britain" is used in the meaning of "the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland". The country is also referred to as Britain, England or the UK. The capital of the UK is London, with the population of about 9,7 million people (about 13,8 million people in Greater London, that is London with the suburbs).

  The surface of the country varies very much. The north of Scotland is mountainous and is called Highlands. The south, which abounds in beautiful valleys and plains, is called Lowlands. The north of England is mountainous, while the eastern, central and south-eastern parts of England are a vast plain. Mountains are not very high, with Ben Nevis in Scotland as the highest mountain (1,343 m). There are a lot of rivers in the UK, but they are not very long. The Severn is the longest river, while the Thames is the deepest and the most important one. The mountains, the Atlantic Ocean and the warm waters of the Gulf Stream influence the climate of the British Isles which is mild the whole year round.

  The UK is a constitutional monarchy. This means that the country is governed by the Parliament and the Queen is Head of State. The legislative power in the country is exercised by the Houses of Parliament which consist of two chambers: the House of Lords and the House of Commons. The House of Lords is composed of hereditary peers and peeresses. The members of the House of Commons are elected by people from the constituencies in the four parts of the country. The House of Commons is the real governing body of the country. The executive power is exercised by Prime Minister and his Cabinet. The government is usually formed by the political party which has the majority in the House of Commons. Prime Minister is the majority party leader appointed by the Queen. Prime Minister chooses a team of ministers; 20 of them form the Cabinet. The most important parties in the UK are the Conservative and the Labour Party.

  The judicial branch of the government is represented by the system of courts. There is no written Constitution in Great Britain, only precedents and traditions. The national flag of the country is Union Jack.

  The UK is a highly developed industrial and agrarian country. It produces and exports machinery, electronics, railroad equipment, aircraft, textile. One of the chief industries is shipbuilding. Though the country is not rich in mineral resources, it is one of the world"s leading economies. The country also must import about 40 % of its food supplies. Financial sector is the most important one in the economy of the country, 70 % of the country"s population work there. Britain"s most important agricultural products include wool and dairy products. The main industrial and commercial areas are cities.

  When I think about British people, I normally recollect two things: British national character and British holidays and traditions.

  The British are famous for being conservative, reserved, punctual, friendly to strangers and polite. They are famous for their love to compromise, too. I think some of these traits may be explained by the island location — for example, their conservatism, friendliness to strangers and politeness. Partially due to this location, the British Isles have not been invaded since the Norman Conquest in the 11th century, and the British people were not afraid of strangers. The influence of foreign lifestyles was very small, too, that is probably why they are conservative.

  The British have a lot of holidays and celebrations. Many of them are celebrated throughout the world because of their Christian origin. Christmas Day and Boxing Day, Shrove Tuesday (Pancake Day), Good Friday and Easter are all Christian holidays, or are based on a combination of pagan and Christian traditions. Another group of British holidays include holidays celebrated in English-speaking countries — Mothering Sunday, April Fool"s Day, May Day, Hallowe"en, the New Year.

  British people are known to keep up a lot of traditions in their daily routines. For example, they prefer living in their own houses, they are fond of gardening, keeping pet animals, spending holidays on the seaside and playing cricket, darts and golf. They like going to pubs, being members of all sorts of clubs and having five o"clock tea. I believe the pub is the most peculiarly British tradition, as the pub is still the centre of social life in towns and city suburbs. Though television at home is a b competitor in spending leisure time, many people still go to pubs to communicate with their neighbours and friends. Nevertheless, the importance of the pub as the centre of social life in a locality is decreasing.

  Translate the following sentences into English - Переведи следующие предложения на английский язык

  1. Английский — официальный язык 71 суверенного государства и территории; это основной язык в некоторых странах, то есть язык подавляющего большинства населения.
  2. Великобритания расположена на Британских островах рядом с северным побережьем Европы, отделена от континента Северным морем, проливом Ла-Манш и проливом Па-де-Кале и омывается Атлантическим океаном, Ирландским морем и Северным морем.
  3. Гольфстрим влияет на климат страны, умеренный круглый год.
  4. Рельеф (поверхность) страны очень разнообразен — гористый на севере и с многочисленными долинами и обширными равнинами на юге.
  5. Великобритания — конституционная монархия, то есть она управляется парламентом, состоящим из двух палат, а королева является главой государства.
  6. Палата лордов состоит из наследственных пэров и пэресс; члены палаты общин, которая является реальным правящим органом, избираются от избирательных округов.
  7. Судебная власть представлена системой судов; письменной конституции не существует, только прецеденты и традиции.
  8. Исполнительная власть осуществляется премьер-министром, являющимся лидером партии большинства и назначаемым королевой, и кабинетом министров.
  9. Великобритания — это высокоразвитая промышленная и аграрная страна, производящая станки, электронику, железнодорожное оборудование, самолеты, текстиль, суда.
  10. Британцы сдержаны, пунктуальны, консервативны и известны своей любовью к компромиссам, что, вероятно, можно объяснить тем фактом, что Великобритания не завоевывалась со времен Нормандского завоевания.
  11. Страна не богата полезными ископаемыми, но является одной из ведущих в экономическом отношении стран мира, причем финансовый сектор является одним из самых важных секторов ее экономики.
  12. Британцы соблюдают массу традиций в повседневной жизни, таких как игра в крикет, дротики (дартс) и гольф или посещение пабов.
  13. У британцев много праздников и празднований, в том числе многочисленные праздники, имеющие христианское происхождение, такие как , День подарков, Масленый вторник, Страстная пятница и , другие праздники, которые справляются во всех англоговорящих странах.

  [ перевод предложеий на английский ]

  1. English is the official language in 71 sovereign states and territories, it is the major language in some countries, that is, the language of the overwhelming majority of the population.
  2. Great Britain is situated on the British Isles, off the northern coast of Europe; it is separated from the Continent by the North Sea, the English Channel and the Strait of Dover and is washed by the Atlantic Ocean, the Irish Sea, and the North Sea.
  3. The Gulf Stream influences the climate of the country, which is mild the whole year round.
  4. The surface of the country varies very much, it is mountainous in the north and abounds in valleys and vast plains in the south.
  5. The UK is a constitutional monarchy, that is, it is governed by the Parliament consisting of two chambers and the Queen is Head of State.
  6. The House of Lords is composed of hereditary peers and peeresses, the members of the House of Commons which is the real governing body are elected from the constituencies.
  7. The judiciary branch of the government is represented by the system of courts, there is no written constitution, only precedents and traditions.
  8. The executive power is exercised by Prime Minister, who is the majority party leader appointed by the Queen, and his Cabinet.
  9. The UK is a highly developed industrialized and agrarian country producing machinery, electronics, railroad equipment, aircraft, textile, ships.
  10. The British are reserved, punctual, conservative and famous for their love to compromise, which can probably be explained by the fact that the British Isles have not been invaded since the Norman Conquest.
  11. The country is not rich in mineral resources, but it is one of the world"s leading economies with financial sector as one of the most important sectors of the economy.
  12. The British keep up a lot of traditions in their daily routines like playing cricket, darts and golf and going to pubs.
  13. The British have a lot of holidays and celebrations which include many holidays of Christian origin, such as
  ]
  [ ]

  Great Britain, USA, Canada, Australia and New Zealand are English speaking countries. They are situated in different parts of the world and differ in many ways.

  The nature of these countries, their weather and climate and way of life of their people differ. Each coutry has it"s own history customs, traditions, its own national holidays. But they all have a common language. English, the language of the people who left England to make their names in new countries.

  The United Kindom of Great Britain and North Ireland consist of 4 parts: England, Scotland, Wales, Northen Ireland. The British Isles are group of islands lying off the noth-west coast of the continent of Europe. There are no high mountains, no very long river, no great forest in U.K. The population of the U.K. is almost fifty-six million. Great Britain is a capitalists country.

  The USA is situated in the central part of the North American continent. The population of the USA is more then 236 million people. The USA is a highly develoed industrial country. In the USA there are two main political parties, the Democratic Party and the Republican Party.

  Canada has area of nearly 10 million square kilometres. It"s westen coast is washed by the Pacific Ocean and its eastern coast by the Atlantic Ocean. The population of Canada is over 26 million people. Canada is a capitalist federal state and a member of the Commonwealth.

  The Commonwealth of Australia territories are the continent of Australia, the island of Tasmania and number of smaller islands. Australia has an area of nearly eight million square kilometres. The population of Australia is over sixteen million people. The Commonwealth of Australia is a capitalist self- governing federal state.

  New Zealand is situated south-east of Australia. The country consists of the large islands called North Island, South Island and Stewart Island and also many small islands. The population of New Zealand is over three million people. New Zealand is a capitalist self-governing state and a meember of the Commonwealth.

  Перевод текста: English Speaking Countries

  Великобритания, США, Канада, Австралия и Новая Зеландия - английские страны разговора. Они расположены в различных частях мира и отличаются разными способами.

  Природа этих стран, их погоды и климата и образа жизни их людей отличается. Каждый coutry имеет свою собственную таможню истории, традиции, ее собственные национальные праздники. Но они все имеют общий язык. Английский язык, язык людей, которые оставили Англию, чтобы сделать их названия в новых странах.

  Объединенные Kindom Великобритании и Северной Ирландии состоят из 4 частей: Англия, Шотландия, Уэльс, Northen Ирландия. Британские острова - группа островов, перестающих работать noth-западное побережье континента Европы. Нет никаких высоких гор, никакой очень длинной реки, никакой большой лес в Великобритании. Население Великобритании - почти пятьдесят шесть миллионов. Великобритания - страна капиталистов.

  США расположены в центральной части североамериканского континента. Население США - более тогда 236 миллионов человек. США - высоко develoed индустриальная страна. В США есть две главных политических стороны, Демократическая партия и Республиканская Сторона.

  Канада имеет область почти 10 миллионов квадратных километров. Это - westen побережье, вымыт Тихим океаном и его восточным побережьем Атлантическим океаном. Население Канады - более чем 26 миллионов человек. Канада - капиталистическая федерация и член Содружества.

  Содружество территорий Австралии - континент Австралии, остров Тасмании и число меньших островов. Австралия имеет область почти восьми миллионов квадратных километров. Население Австралии - более чем шестнадцать миллионов человек. Содружество Австралии - капиталист само - управляющий федерацией.

  Новая Зеландия расположена к юго-востоку от Австралии. Страна состоит из больших островов по имени Северный остров, Остров Южный и Остров Стьюарт и также много маленьких островов. Население Новой Зеландии - более чем три миллиона человек. Новая Зеландия - капиталистическое самоуправляющееся государство и meember Содружества.

  Использованная литература:
  1. 100 тем английского устного (Каверина В., Бойко В., Жидких Н.) 2002
  2. Английский язык для школьников и поступающих в ВУЗы. Устный экзамен. Топики. Тексты для чтения. Экзаменационные вопросы. (Цветкова И. В., Клепальченко И.А., Мыльцева Н.А.)
  3. English, 120 Topics. Английский язык, 120 разговорных тем. (Сергеев С.П.)